Fashion fitted with air-conditioned cottages came to us recently. Prior to that, it was thought that the climate technology is intended primarily for industrial facilities, shopping and cultural venues, as well as for hotels that accept foreign tourists. Even at the state summer residences of the USSR leaders climatic systems applied only in exceptional cases. Meanwhile in America, and later in the industrialized countries of Europe and Asia conditioning houses has become quite commonplace already in the seventies of last century. In the mansions of the New World were installed window air conditioners and central air-conditioning system-type chiller - fenkoyl and install with variable volume and temperature of air supplied to the premises. In Japan and Korea, and later in other countries are widely used split-and multi-system. Well, with the early eighties from the land of the rising sun on the world market began to arrive, and powerful energy-efficient installation of central air-conditioning comfort type VRV. Today, comfort requirements imposed on the owners of country cottages, meet Western standards. However, most Russians do not have a holistic view of modern air conditioning systems. The right choice for maintaining the ideal comfort in homes cleaned of mineral and organic dust, and deodorized air should contain about 21% oxygen and not more than 0,3% carbon dioxide. Its temperature is between 20-24 ° C, relative humidity - 50-60%, and the mobility of the air mass - 0,1-0,15 m / sec. However, full climate control cottage - it's very expensive, and purchase necessary to "idealize" microclimate precision equipment is not justified in all cases. When air conditioning housing should be to achieve the desired comfort with minimal effort. The level of comfort depends on the quality of preparation and distribution of air conditioning system automation level, quiet operation of the system and some of the other characteristics (Table 1 and 2). Table 1. Comfort level depending on the degree of technical perfection of the system and its relative cost level of comfort features of the system cost of the system * ** *** **** ***** Hand control, refrigeration, air purification from dust, etc. 20-25 $ / m2 Remote control, cooling, heating, drainage and multi-stage filtering, the ability to supply to the premises of fresh air, air distribution by means of tilting blinds, basic modes of operation of equipment 20-40 $ / m2 Same plus low noise characteristics, self-diagnostics , long-term programming, high rates of saving 30-70 $ / m2 Same plus the possibility of heating in any negative air temperature of 50-160 $ ??/ m2 Same plus better air distribution by means of special linear diffusers or other devices, the possibility of year-round work once-through mode (adjusting the room temperature by applying only to a specially prepared fresh air), the humidification system and air ionization, the ability to connect the equipment to dispatch organization and management of the equipment by phone 100-250 $ / m3 Note: If the conditioning of 1 square meter space is used 75 watts cooling capacity air conditioner. Table 2. Basic modes of operation of modern air conditioning systems operating mode Summary Sleep mode I feel Auto restart Hot start Turbo Precise control program creates conditions for a pleasant sleep and save electricity consumption and air parameters are tracked precisely in the place where the remote control. In systems with self-diagnosis on the keypad, along with environmental parameters and other current information, displays information about system problems and possible causes of their appearance program will automatically resume operation of a split system in case of failures in power supply is eliminated discomfort in the first few minutes of installation in heating, when the room could do poorly heated air system operates in the forced mode until a preset temperature. This allows you to heat or cool the room faster than an ordinary microprocessor determines teploinertsionnost premises and includes a previously set timer to the appointed time in the indoor comfort conditions have been established now describe the design features of equipment for air conditioning systems cottages. Window air conditioners (* or **) The most common applications of air conditioning is a window air conditioner. Use it to cool, and sometimes heated, cleaned of dust and create a weak supply or (ii) exhaustion of the small and medium-sized rooms. Structurally, the window air conditioner is a metal or plastic box in which all equipment is installed and system automation. Knobs window air conditioners made in the front panel. The most advanced models have a remote control. Install window air conditioner in a window or doorway in a thin wall, if desired, and on its own - it is ready to work immediately after connecting to the network. It is only necessary to calculate power requirement (this is best done by the manager of the company from whom you will buy a window air conditioner). These air conditioners are not without drawbacks. So, if the room is large or complex configuration, the window air conditioner will not be able to effectively distribute conditioned air throughout the volume of the room. Due to the high level of noise is undesirable to install window air conditioners in the bedroom, office or nursery. Split systems (** or ***) Low noise and better than window air conditioners, the quality of indoor air distribution will provide a split-system, which consists of two blocks, connected by a thermally insulated copper pipes, lines of control and power. Installation of this type effectively cooled, heat, drain and clean the air of dust in the premises of any size and purpose. The most noisy and bulky units of the system, including compressor, enclosed in persistent in the environment external unit, which is installed outside the premises. It is important to choose a location for the outdoor unit, otherwise it can grossly violate the architectural appearance of the cottage. The room is located almost does not sound the indoor unit with remote control. Indoor unit split systems shall have sufficient capacity and meet the interior of the premises. If the room cottage no ceilings, the use of internal blocks wall, floor, ceiling and column types. Wall-mounted indoor units are well combined with classic and modern interiors. They are compact, easy to operate and suitable for the premises for small and medium size. However, in larger rooms, you must install more powerful equipment, such as floor or ceiling mounted indoor units and secured either on the ceiling or the bottom of the wall near the floor. Blocks are evenly distributed air flow, making the premises does not form zones of hypothermia or overheating. At the lobby of the building air conditioning and other bulk premises can be used as the internal components of column type. Internal nodes of cluster and channel types installed in the space above the suspended ceiling. Modern cassette indoor units have a small height and evenly distribute conditioned air through the distribution prepared by the stream in two or four directions and the use of swinging blinds. Even more uniform distribution of air provide internal blocks of channel type, which is installed in the space above the suspended ceiling or in the back room. Unlike other types of indoor units of split-systems internal power channel type can not only handle visited the premises of the air, but also "bring to mind" a small amount of fresh, pre-conditioned air from the street. Air conditioning on above the suspended ceiling system is fed through ducts built into the ceiling diffusers in the room of all shapes and sizes. Not so long ago appeared on the market split-system inverter-driven compressor, faster than usual heat or cooling air, accurately maintains the set temperature, providing significant power savings are very durable and stable operating at low outdoor temperatures. Some models are able to work effectively in the heating mode of air and with 20 degrees of frost. To select and install a specific model of a split system must use the services of professionals. Installation of split systems with indoor units of the wall type is typically 15-25% of the cost of equipment. Installing the cluster and channel conditioning is a bit expensive. If the installation kit - Brackets, drainage pipes, tubes, etc. - Not included in the price system, for it will have to pay another 10-15% of the total equipment cost. Multi-split systems (** or ***) Multi-system used for air conditioning in two to five rooms. Depending on the mode they are effectively cooled, heat, or both cool and heat the air in different rooms, drain and clean the dust out. In functionality, manageability, comfort level in serviced areas and the relative cost of equipment is reduced to one square meter air-conditioned area, multi-split-systems are on a par with the split-systems. Professional installation of multi-split-system can cost the customer in 20-30% of the base cost of the equipment, depending on the total length and complexity of laying copper pipes and wiring cables. In such systems, typically used wall mounted indoor units. Devices with other blocks are rare. The outdoor unit of multi-split-system is only one, so installing it on the wall of a cottage usually does not violate the architectural appearance of the building. Compressor (compressors) outdoor unit is often Inverter control, providing increased comfort and energy savings. Type system VRV (**** and partially *****) system central air-conditioning comfort VRV type capable of simultaneous air conditioning in 32 rooms. In fact, the equipment of this type opens a new stage in the development of multi-split-systems. A rugged design, multi-functional system automation and ability to serve fresh air in the room put VRV-system on a par with traditional central air conditioning system. In addition to heating and cooling systems of internal blocks VRV clean and distribute air they had prepared on the premises. Management of indoor units with capacity from 2 to 18 kW - with remote control. The most powerful models are used for indoor area of ??150-200 square meters. m, for example, private gyms and swimming pools. Design and structural elements of these devices do not differ much from those elements of split systems, but the set temperature they can maintain a high degree of accuracy. Cassette Type some models take into account even the effect of thermal radiation of heated elements of building construction and air-conditioning system. More than twenty of indoor units connected to a complex consisting of at least two outdoor units from a single automation system. The complex usually has one outdoor unit with inverter control, the rest have a permanent performance. Such a system, according to producers, has increased reliability as well as maintains efficiency even at a failure of one of the outdoor units. In contrast to the split-and multi-system outdoor unit type system VRV easily accommodated in the attic, close to home or business lean, because the length of pipes, combining it with the indoor units, up to 100 m. (For comparison - household split and multi split systems can not be spaced more than 15 meters) communications system between indoor and outdoor units can be two-and trehtrubnoy. Three-and two-pipe system, equipped with a special controller that can simultaneously cool and heat the air in different rooms. In this case, is used for heating and warm, reserved from the cooled air. Installation of VRV-system costs about 25% of the cost of equipment. Such a system provides fresh air into the room through a special ventilation system that performs and functions of local exhaust ventilation. Inside the ventilation system is heat recovery, which allows cooling supplied to the premises outside air in summer and warm it in the cold season at the expense of the air leaving the air-conditioned rooms. Thus, additional energy savings. If the street is very cold, then entering the room air is preheated by elektrotenov. In addition to the basic versions on the market are of the type VRV, which can operate in cooling or heating at practically any adverse outdoor temperatures. In some models, the battery provides an ice cold, it allows the system to work in the summer with less stress. The only drawback modified VRV-system - too high a price. Central air-conditioning system type chiller - fenkoyly - heat points "and partially (**** *****) central air conditioning systems used for heating in the cottage at any temperature in the street, as well as for cooling, heating and air purification from dust . In principle, possible to combine these systems with installations ventilation, but in practice the air space to organize cottage made with independent air conditioning system supply and exhaust systems. Fenkoylovaya system has several advantages VRV-systems, as well as very low inertia, and configuration flexibility. You can use it to condition the air in a building with any number of rooms. In air-conditioned rooms set the special instruments - fenkoyly, similar to the indoor units of split-systems. For houses are most suitable floor fenkoyly that can be easily placed in the parapet niches. There are also open frame model, mounted behind the decorative wall panels or false ceilings. Fenkoyly with one heat exchanger - a seasonal operation units: in the summer are used to cool the air in the winter - as heating devices. Fenkoyly with two heat exchangers used in the universal system capable of simultaneously cooling, heat, or just airing different parts of the house. This mode is required primarily in spring and autumn. For ease of use fenkoyly equipped with special remote control and automation system that permits group control and individual control over each fenkoylom in automatic or manual mode. Fenkoyly connected to a source of hot and cold water, or properly prepared ice-glycol. For domestic use water or glycol mixture is cooled chiller air cooled condensing unit capacity from 2 to 50 kW. Most modern chillers equipped scroll and screw compressors and have low starting currents (which is important for weak wiring cottage), and high efficiency. Like the outdoor unit VRV-systems, the chiller is installed on the roof, on the wall in the garden or utility room, located at any distance from home. In regions where the outdoor air temperature never drops below -15 ° C, the chiller with heat pump can act as heat points. This greatly simplifies the design fenkoylovoy system.
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