Characteristics of wood for parquet floors

Rezenkov Alex oak, ash, beech, wenge. Choosing a car person focuses not only on color and appearance, but first and foremost on its performance. The same thing happens when choosing a hardwood floor. You can not buy sex only on the basis of first impressions. You must first determine what the properties of one or another species of wood: how much it is hard, moisture resistance, etc., should be especially careful when it comes to artistic dance floor, where the simultaneous use of several types of wood. For the production of parquet flooring is traditionally used hardwood, softwood is superior in hardness and wear resistance. In turn, the hardwood trees are divided into local (native to Central Europe) and exotic (Africa, South America, Southeast Asia). The first group includes such species as oak, beech, ash, maple, hornbeam, etc., to the second - merbau, teak, wenge, Kumar, Lapacho, Duss, muteniyu, etc. The wood of different species differ in hardness, density , stability, oxidation, expressive texture, the degree of shrinkage, resistance to stress, etc. I know the breed parquet ... One of the basic properties of the parquet - toughness. This indicator is measured by the so-called Brinell method, which essentially consists of the following. Steel ball is pressed into the surface of wood with a certain strength and duration, then measure the indented and calculate the coefficient of hardness. Lower it, so, consequently, less strength is wood. So, Jatoba index of hardness 7. And, say, Scotch pine - just 1,6-1,8. In addition to pine, low hardness have fir, cedar, fir, poplar, linden, aspen, alder (referred to as soft and for the manufacture of flooring are not usually used). For medium-hard rocks carry, say, oak, light maple, ash, larch, from the exotic - Hiroko, Paducah, Lapacho, etc. And finally, there are species of high hardness: hornbeam, wenge, gift, gift, seeds, Jatoba, Kulin , muteniya. If you need flooring for centuries, you should pay attention not only on the hardness, but also on wood density (density is defined as the ratio of the mass of wood to its volume). So, at the same hardness - 5 units - the density of walnut is 600-650 kg / cubic meter. m, and exotic wood muteniya - 800-900 kg / cubic meter. m. The wood has a fibrous structure and large porosity. Therefore, choosing flooring, you should also pay attention to the degree of hygroscopicity (stability) rocks from which it is made. The less wood tends to absorb moisture, the lower the risk of problems during operation. High hygroscopicity have beech, ash, boxwood, cherry, Kempas and some other breeds. However, this does not mean that the flooring of such a tree is bad. Just deal with it should be more careful: keep away from water (clean only with dry cloth wrung out), as well as to maintain the premises constant optimum temperature (18-25 ° C) and humidity (45-65%). To control the temperature and humidity can use a hydrometer, and the relative humidity maintained by a humidifier. However, these recommendations are desirable to observe the operation of any high-quality hardwood floor - good material always requires a careful attitude. Table coefficient of hardness of some wood Breed Hardness Wenge Cherry 4.2 Pear 3,0-3,6 Grab 3.5 4.4 Oak Iroko 3,7-3,9 3,2-4,8 5.4 Kempas Maple European (Canadian) 3,2-4,2 (4,8) 5.9 Lapacho Merbau 4,1-5,4 Muteniya 4.5 Olive 6.0 Walnut 5.0 Panga-panga 4.4 3.8 Paduka Sukupira 4,1-5,6 4,0-4,2 Ash Teak 3.5 4.4 Jatoba flooring palette should not think that every species of wood corresponds to a certain color that is not found in other species of flora. Here are possible options. For example, pink is not only the pear and cherry (cherry), but also olive, suri, rose acacia, maple and beech. Range of the red wood still greater. Here you are, please: seeds, Hiroko, kamshe, Duss, guareya, Jatoba, merbau, Yarra, Kempas, Urga, Mouth, Kulin (of course, shades of red may vary significantly even within the same breed, if the trees were growing in different places). Characterized by light wood oak, ash, light maple, alder, hornbeam, light beech, larch, as well as, for example, light bamboo, and gift-gift. For species with light brown wood is traditionally attributed beech (smoke), teak, coffee, bamboo, acacia, elm, and others pinkado Dark Brown - walnut, ormoziya, Lapacho, muteniya. Very dark wood in wenge, rosewood, panga-panga. In general, species growing in tropical countries tend to have more vivid coloration compared with the wood species of temperate regions. It is important to mention another option choice of wood - the oxidation of the material. It affects the color stability of wood in service. The greater the oxidation, the stronger over time, changes the color of the floor. Strongly oxidized teak, alder, Jatoba, Merbau, Kempas, Paducah, Yarra. The small degree of oxidation of ash, larch, acacia, hornbeam, olives. Meanwhile, most species have an average degree of oxidation. An important indicator for parquet and solid wood (for the art - to a lesser extent) - the expressiveness of textures. In this regard, species are divided into those for which the contrast is weak (hornbeam, alder and beech pink, Kulin), middle (majority: oak, ash, larch, acacia, walnut, Merbau, Jatoba, ormoziya, etc.) and strong - very contrasting. The latter category includes pear, olive, teak, lopacho, sukupiru, rosewood. Table of characteristics of certain types of wood Breed Properties Oak Solid, sturdy breed. Has a low hygroscopicity. Beech solid, strong breed with a less pronounced than in the oak tree pattern (parquet get smooth). The breed belongs to the light, its colors - yellow or gray. Beech responds well to moraines, but is subject to strain at failure to moisture conditions. Maple Wood, from nearly white to yellow and reddish, hard and very dense. Wood tends to change color in a dry environment durable. Grub has a light color, durable, easily machined, and resistant to abrasion. Walnut Kernel brown-purple with pale or dark streaks, annual layers of wavy and create a beautiful patterned textures. Wood is durable, strong, shrinks moderately, very durable. Ash, oak, dense, durable, and almost no decay. Durable and sticky wood does not crack, little boxes. Parquet floor has a light tint and clear texture. Birch wood is white with a reddish, sometimes yellowish. The material is moderately hard, easy to work, the density is uniform. Perfectly painted, polished and treated with antiseptics. Teak hardwood trees in India, Burma, Thailand, Sumatra and Java. Teak wood is dense, durable and solid. Has a large and expressive texture. Teak antigigroskopichen, it can be installed in the bathroom, terrace, etc. Wenge is sometimes called "ebony". Used, when creating the parquet is necessary to obtain the maximum black. Olive Tree Grows in Southern Europe. Olive wood is dense, has a fine texture and white and yellow flowers with dark beams. Kempas tree species native of Southeast Asia. Kempas wood is very hard, dense, waterproof. Color - red with gold, yellow, orange hues. Has a smooth texture with blond streaks. Amaranth Kernel quickly becomes dark and bright purple-red or purple, in the context of clearly distinguishable bar band. Wood is very solid, dense, small dries, it is very durable. With such an interesting combination of different properties of different woods, a natural question arises: how different species coexist with each other? After a dance floor, especially art, both co-exist and breed, "resident" and "foreigners" from far away countries. In fact, there is no special problem: the fact that the manufacture art parquet panels are mainly used raznosortnye minor details, "interaction" between them is minimal and does not lead to cracking, blistering and other deformities. If you still are hesitant to combine the rock of our climatic zone from overseas, you can go for some trick. Namely: to use modern high quality tinting oil. They will help to give a bright color so unexpected species whose behavior in the St. Petersburg's climate is quite predictable. But there is this method and the reverse side. Painting with oil does not affect the lower layers of wood and parquet pereshlifovke "artificial" color have to rebuild again. To avoid such problems, you can initially choose tinting heat treatment. The so-called "smoked" or "fumed" acquires a new parquet floor original color to the entire depth. His resume is not necessary. TIPS LGL When laying parquet of rocks with high hygroscopic property, it is necessary to provide additional protection of the wood with a layer of parogidroizolyatsii (between rough sex and the substrate). At high humidity, which is usually associated with damp buildings or with a significant output level moisture from the concrete beams or slabs, wood, did not secure a reliable parogidroizolyatsiey, swells. During the drying starts the reverse process - compressing the floor and, as a consequence, the deformation of parquet strips. However, in modern houses (especially new buildings), the overlap is usually quite dry, so that compliance with the optimum temperature and humidity in the room would be enough. Trust parquet need for experts only, and does not economize on collateral materials. Bad glue or varnish can spoil even the most high-quality parquet. And vice versa. Smart styling with high-quality materials allows to save from strain, it would seem rather fanciful species of tree. Price nuances must say that the price of hardwood floor depends not only on the rarity and prestige of the breed (although exotic species, brought from far away, indeed, may not be cheaper or the same as our relatives). At the price still influences the form of cut. Distinguish strap radial, tangential and mixed cut. In the first case, the cut passes through the radius of the trunk (of tree fiber layers are located on the surface of the plank straight, giving the picture the rigor and sophistication). In the second - the cut is tangential to the fibers, resulting in the face of the bracket is formed ornate pattern that emphasizes the naturalness of the flooring. In mixed sawing in the texture bars combine straight and curved lines. For the radial cut out the finished product is several times lower than for mixed or tangential, so the groove flooring is more expensive. Is more expensive flooring with greater precision micromachining, because its production requires the use of sophisticated equipment and high labor discipline. Also, notice how packed the parquet. If the packaging is completely sealed and carefully, perhaps, she had contributed to the final cost of the product.