Calculation of the stairs

To staircase not only successfully blended into the interior, but was comfortable in operation and served for many years, it is necessary to think of ways to calculate all the nuances and stairs. A preliminary calculation of stairs to avoid possible errors that affect basic consumer characteristics of the material. Projects ladders must take into account features of the room. And also, most importantly, projects must take into account the wishes of the customer, the type of stairs - vintavaya or sustainer is the ladder will be. Exact calculation saves material and provides an ideal mounting the stairs. Method of calculating the project stairs lies in the choice of the stairs in the plan at home and in the calculation of its constituent structural parts. For the optimal choice of location for future steps are no clear rules, although it can give some advice. Stairs, type and location are determined by specificity of a house or apartment. On the ground floor of a house or apartment is usually provided for the so-called complimentary rooms: living room, lobby. Of course, that the entrance to the stairs should be in one of these premises. In some projects, but the invitation still provides room and hallway, and then the situation of stairs according to the method of calculation ladders tied to location, such as bathrooms and toilets in the house. If a bathroom on the second floor, the staircase is better to have in the hallway - it's closer to the door of the bathroom. If your house is a bathroom on the ground, the ladder should be put in the corridor to avoid hypothermia after taking a bath. If the toilet is provided only on the first floor, the staircase should be in the room, from which you want to join it. Theoretically, there are other, less successful, accommodation options ladders: for example, in the common room. It's not very comfortable at home because the room is the entrance. Especially worse regime common room in which the staircase, when placing a bathroom on the first floor and bedrooms - the second. Also, placing the stairs in the family room creates unfavorable microclimatic conditions in the bedrooms, there may be drafts and blowing. In any of the options listed planning is carried out by a similar method of designing stairs. When calculating the stairs must be recognized that it must be placed in a location that meets the following requirements: stairs should be as close as possible to the entrance to the house ladder must not occupy a lot of very valuable space, but not at the expense of convenience, a complimentary rooms from the entrance passage to the ladder should be shifted to one of the walls of the room and not cross it in the middle and especially on the diagonal; ladder must be addressed steps to the entrance of the room in which there is: if not all, the first few - certainly; staircase that leads in the basement, how can Bizhe be approximated as the main staircase of the house and the entrance to the house. The most convenient, according to the method of calculating the stairs, the stairs are straight, and the most compact and efficient - turning. The correct choice of the location of stairs Considered the most important phase of their design, it provides the rationality of the general layout of his home and communications. The landing of the second floor is expedient to increase and organize as a balcony or lobby for a variety of home exercises. Drafting of the stairs In order to properly design the staircase, it is necessary not only to choose its location, but also take into account the existing design standards stairs. Building codes and standards, principles of design and manufacture of ladders are set out in the 2 - second part of a special set of technical regulations "Building Regulations" (the design of stairs in a snip). They are designed to prevent errors in the manufacture of ladders. Chart angles rise We will acquaint you with the basic norms and rules of design and construction of stairs, and rules to be followed during construction and create a project, stairs, ladders requirements: In homes that have more than two floors of the main stairs, should have a common passage. The use of convertible or folding stairs in the main staircase connects the residential floors - not allowed. These ladders are used only for access to the attic or basement. Effective width of the march the main staircase, for the passage of one person must be at least 80 cm, to simultaneous passage of two people - no less than 1,0 m and in any event not less than the width of an escape exit, ie the door. Effective width of the march rotary or spiral staircase or ladder, which connects more than two floors should be designed for simultaneous passage of at least two people and should not have less than 100 cm do not recommend that because people in the oncoming traffic on the stairs might encounter. Also problematic is the transfer of large things. Effective width flight of stairs, which provide for special lifts for disabled persons must be at least 1,5 m. The width of marches, two or more flight staircases should be the same for the entire length of the ladder. Between the flight of stairs located in the opposite direction to each other by SNIP "Projection ladders" should be a clearance of not less than 5 cm flight of stairs should be from 3 to 18 steps, and the number of steps in the march according to snip it is desirable to include the odd man is more convenient to start and finish the movement of the same leg - right or left. Optimum tilt angle ladder must be between 26 ° 40'i to 45 °. The maximum slope for stairs, destined to walk along the upper border of the slope is 50 °, and at the bottom - not less than 20 °. Height of staircase steps within a single march should differ by no more than 0.5 cm, which provides uniform slope around the march, and must be 12 to 20 cm in width step ladders in the basic requirements for stairways shall be not less than 25 cm, although Ladders manufacturers recommend 30 to 35 cm, depending on the length of the foot host. Wedge (mainly for the spiral staircase) steps on the inner boundary of the useful width of SNIP must have a tread width not less than 10 cm, and the middle line of the march - at least 26 cm radius of curvature of the middle line of the march with a wedge-shaped steps in the calculation of mid-flight of stairs should be at least 30 cm Net Width stairwells should be no less useful width of the adjoining marshes. The length of the platforms, which are between the flight of stairs should be at least 2 magnitudes average step length adult is about 130-140 cm long staircases at the front door must be at least 100 cm in the case is that if door opens to the opposite side of the stairs. The length and width of staircases in front of such doors shall be calculated taking into account the width of the door and secure the human condition at the door at the time of its discovery. The height of stair rails shall be not less than 90 cm, the distance between balusters not more than 15 cm height of the handrail exterior entrance stairs at the rise of 3 degrees and should not be less than 80 cm in Requirements for lighting stairways also regulated by this snip. Stairs should be well lit, especially the first and last step. Window openings that illuminate the passage and on the level of the stairs must be protected. By respecting these rules and regulations for the design of any stairs, you will not have problems with the operation set of stairs, you will protect yourself against possible problems.