Contracted furniture

Vitaly Lviv In ancient times the manufacturing of furniture is not very different from the carpentry trade. When connecting its parts using the same techniques and methods as in the construction of the house or the church: Interlock, thorns, "shkany" (now - dowel) and wedges that gave the strength of the benches and tables. Produce such compounds by hand - quite time-consuming task. Details held by the dense interconnection with glue, the accuracy of which is secured to the eye, and we had skillfully hold the saw and chisel, so that they accurately fit with each other. Such compounds can be and is now found in furniture, old-fashioned, but rather as a decorative element that makes the furniture in the "retro" just like a manufactured hands of experienced craftsmen. Connection accessories - an essential component of furniture, so invisible, as a rule, coupling has become one of the main pieces of furniture, ensuring its durability and longevity. Since then, the furniture remained only dowels, however, also acquired other dimensions that have received reefing and accurate bevel on the ends. Everything else has given way to special fittings. Connection furniture dowels and now gives us the ability to quickly and correctly position the furniture parts in the assembly and prevents their mutual displacement of the operation, treating all transverse loads. Dowel - a very cheap and simple detail, but it has its own complexity. It is made from natural wood and the manufacture of unseasoned timber, or if improperly stored can change its cylindrical shape, which noticeably affects the quality of the connection. However, on only one dowel connecting furniture to small dimensions. For large scale production and thus increase the load placed dowels can no longer resist pulling, ie, longitudinal forces, and so close to them is always possible to detect and tie. Screed or screed screw-barrel screw box is a total of two elements: a screw and barrel - a cylindrical part with a transverse threaded hole. Sam "barrel" is performed entirely of metal or plastic with embedded inside the nut (the truth, while its diameter increases slightly). Dignity Ties: screed is very strong, because when tightening screws are a very great effort, great progress contraction; Disadvantages ties: on the lateral surface of the item always appear visible screw heads, spoiling its appearance. Of course, the screw head, especially with hexagonal slot, you can close the plastic cover, but the appearance will still leave much to be desired. screed is not very easy to assemble. Hole in the barrel "must accurately aligned with the screw. Therefore, the mutually perpendicular axis holes "barrel and screw in the face and edge details should be exactly intersect. When set "barrel" is simply turned off the wrong side, it is easy to deploy with specially provided slot on the end. But if the hole is too deep for him and he just "drowned" in it - pull it back very hard. Screed conical desire to hide the screw head with the face led to modernize ties "barrel." As a result, the screw passing through via associated parts collected carcass furniture has been replaced by a rod, screws in the housing with threaded hole, screwed or embedded flush in the reservoir details. The main parts are drilled two holes: one - in the end, the stem, the other - is perpendicular to the first, in the plate, for a "keg". Stem, which finally ended on the side of a conical shaped recess passes through the transverse hole casing, along the axis of which holds a threaded hole with a screw. The tip of the screw has a tapered conical shape, and when turning the screw rests on the lateral surface of the shaft deepening ties, pushing it along with the associated parts to the end of the main, and this voltage is reached in the compound. Disadvantages conical Ties: stringent requirements on the accuracy of the relative position of holes in furniture parts, slow speed of contraction (not more than 1,5-2 mm) and insufficient effort contractions of parts and complexity of assembly, since the stock vvertyvanii ties need to be vigilant to his hole located only in one particular position, with the recurring significant lateral loads on the frame of furniture can collapse the hole edge coupling, after which the screed stops working altogether. Screed area is also very simple in design product: bent at a right angle strip of metal with a hole in one of his shoulder, and groove - on the other. Completely, it consists of five elements: the corner, two countersunk screws and two threaded futorok. When assembling the corner screw to the connecting parts with metal or plastic futorok with internal threaded hole. The force of contraction is achieved by shifting the axis of the mounting holes on one of the joined parts. As a result, when tightening the screw, it presses its head on the cone side surface of the conical hole in the corner, displacing all associated parts and pulling her. Advantages: One time, this screed even received preferential distribution in our industry, because: durable, does not require drilling holes in the ends, easy to install, taxing to the positioning accuracy of the filler hole. Disadvantages: visible; interfere with maintenance of furniture (for example, put a box in the cabinet against the wall it does not succeed, and taking out, it can break or scratch, a lot of marriage in its manufacture; With regard to attempts to apply to join parts of furniture, metal or plastic corners and secured with screws, then the furniture with such compounds it is better not to fly: it does not buckle, and get a reliable stress gusset in any furniture, they can not. screed or wood screw Evrovint This screed was known to domestic furniture manufacturers in 1973 from the catalog Der Grosse Hafele called Sonfirmat. She was always intended only for the assembly of small-sized furniture. Today you can find it in the same directory with the same title. But today, the same ties produce very many firms: Hettich (Direkta 2), Dresselhaus (Unita Stahl) and etc., and even domestic enterprises. In Europe, this is called a screed or screed Einteilferbinder singleton (single). And we have some reason she called evrovintom or evroshurupom. Although it is much more appropriate title coupler screw driving, especially since she as two drops of water like a screw, but thick and blunt. Simplest screed, which has found such widespread use of our furniture is due to the fact that it requires virtually no accuracy at all additives. drilled only two holes: one - in the end of the main parts another - in the plate, joins her.'s top-selling are evrovinty with thread diameter of 7 mm and a length of 50 mm or 70 mm. Screeds different manufacturers have their own design features. Small cap diameter will often using force utaplivat screed flush with the surface of the plate without the prior countersinking holes. Also, screw driving ties may have a head specifically designed for "tooth"-like obloy in poorly manufactured nail, which provides it without screwing flush countersinking, forming a chamfer hole. In qualitative ties should not be offset with respect to the cap or the slot axis. This alignment is not, then screed with screwing go straight, and the thread will break a hole that affects the bond strength of parts made of particleboard. screed with a smaller step of turns and more discussions thread provides a more durable connection. The first four spiral threads - tapered, and have special notches. So buckle works as a tap or a Self-tapping screw, providing a level of quality thread cutting to accommodate the remaining turns, without breaking the slab. Disadvantages: Display a butt head. It is usually closed shutter, furniture, collected on a tie, you can not collect more than three times because the thread cut in a soft material like chipboard, is likely to fail. Bida and the fact that many manufacturers, we have hope for the strength of metal, generally stopped using dowels together with this coupler. But if the assembly is carried out without fixing details in vajmy, some details may "take away" that is noticeable when viewed from certain products. Eccentric screed Despite the popularity of wood screw tie, all the very best of modern furniture is built from eccentric ties. In bed attachable parts flush with it is screwed or pressed into metal or plastic futorka into which is screwed rod ties with "T" - shaped head. When you build products stem passes through the aperture in the end the main part, and his head is in the middle of the transverse hole drilled in its face. It is set eccentric, his inner eccentric surface of the exciting head of stock. Upon further rotation of the eccentric, turning in his opening and acting on the head stock, initially brings connecting parts, and then creates the necessary effort in the compound. eccentric coupler consists of a cast metal eccentric futorki and stock. There is also a lot of designs of such ties whose stock is turned directly into the material of the connecting part, without the use futorki. The main difference between eccentric ties to each other is the diameter of the eccentric. What it is, the more progress and tie more effort. Used eccentric diameter of 25, 15 and 12 mm. Eccentric 25 mm in diameter, and sometimes 15 mm, be sure to close the plastic flap. Disadvantages: a possible weakening of ties in the operation of the product. Different manufacturers of this problem is solved in different ways. Some tie the inner working surface of the eccentric is made concave and in contact with her spherical working surface of the head stock. In other designs the internal working surface of the eccentric speed, and the adjacent working surface of the head of the rod - flat. At the same time the outer surface of the cam is provided with oblique flattened teeth, tilted to the side opposite to the direction of rotation of the assembly, that by increasing adhesion to the material details, further hinders its spontaneous rotation and weakening of connections in the operation of the product. Also incisions inside the eccentric strengthen its grip with the rod three times, compared to a smooth flat surface. Eccentric coupling requires very precise relative position of the mating holes. Drilling of holes " on the knee, often leads to failure when an eccentric effort during assembly. Actually, the lack of precise welding equipment and limits the broad application of eccentric ties in home furniture. There are many varieties of eccentric couplers, designed to solve different problems. For example, at the same most commonly 15 mm in diameter - the eccentric can have different heights, so that regardless of the thickness of the details of the hole for the rod can be placed exactly in the middle of its thickness. And it allows for a smaller number of sizes of parts in the additive. One way to escape from a complex combination of axle holes in the layer and an end - the use of eccentrics in the case. cam installed in the hole drilled in the plate near the end of the detail, so that in the end part is formed opening, which comes out of the shell with a hole under the eccentric shaft. In this case the rod ties - a shorter, and axle eccentric is located closer to the end of the main parts, but thanks to a special design screed can delay, having a screwdriver at an angle to the plate. outer casings of such ties are made of plastic of various colors or metal (more expensive and more beautiful version). This screed was applied and as a shelf support. But, unlike the loose shelves, mounted on conventional shelf support, shelf with such eccentric ties are always a power element design, which increases strength and rigidity of the whole product, and this is especially important for the loaded heavy office furniture. Eccentric placed in the material housing - much firmer than the plate from which the furniture is made. Therefore, a multiple permutation shelves does not wear a hole under the eccentric and the weakening of the connection. For the most loaded, heavy shelves there reinforced eccentric in an elongated body with an extra futorkoy for which a separate hole . This screed is even better retained in the CPD, and, futorka stabilize the shelf, not letting it move relative to the sidewall. confirmats last time for the assembly of furniture is popular among Russian furniture wood screw coupling having their own names from different manufacturers. In Europe it was called Einteilverbinder - screed singleton, and we have - confirmats. Use "confirmats in furniture allows experienced buyers at first glance to attribute the products made in their application to the cheapest and not qualitative, as head of the tie, even a closed caps are visible on the side walls of any body like the rabbit ears sticking out of a hat bad magician. The gradual growth of the culture of consumption and increasing customer demands for quality furniture makes all of its manufacturers to pass on the tie, which not only would be invisible to the outside of the product, but looked beautiful on the inside. The last circumstance in the last fifteen years has led to the complete abandonment of the use of corner ties. The only form of connective fitting, which combines low profile with high resistance connections and allows repeated assembly of the product is so far only eccentric headband. kit, make such ties, includes from two to four separate parts: a rod sleeve for securing the rod in the product cylinder (cam), installed in the part being connected to the main and cap that covers the end surface eccentric. When assembling furniture products using such ties effort to bring together the connected details of each other created by the eccentric rotation around its axis. Stroke attachable parts provided by eccentric ties, ranging from 1.5 to 4 mm and is directly dependent on the diameter of the eccentric. its nominal size, depending on the performance of ties is typically 12, 15; 25 and 32 mm. The greatest speed (up to 4 mm) and force in conjunction with cable ties provide a cam having a diameter of 25 and 32 mm. However, the visible surfaces of the products of these unions should have to close the covers. It is important that the eccentric ties are only to create a force between the two connecting parts of furniture, directed along their rod, and can not interfere with their mutual displacement in the perpendicular direction to it. Therefore, the application together with these ties shkantovogo compound determined by a given relative position of parts of furniture products, is mandatory. Shaft cam ties originally had a circular cross section and are made of steel by turning the rod. In the last decade to reduce the metal rods are commonly manufactured by injection molding of aluminum or zinc alloys. These rods have a cruciform cross section and are more convenient for holding his hand when building products. some tie rods having a significantly thinner than normal, feature turned on with them freely rotating plastic sleeve, which also creates additional comfort for their screwing with the use of motorized electric or pneumatic tools. For screwing into the main part connecting the shell rod has a groove. I rods , screws into the sleeve, this thread metric. rods I intended for direct fixing into holes drilled into the details, the thread has a higher pitch and greater heights of ridges cut. Carving first eccentric couplers had the same outer diameter as the rod itself. As a result, , any error in the depth of screwing of the rod led to the fact that the coupler did not work - its course is too small or the head of the rod not grab the cam. Therefore, all modern tie rods have a bench, resting in the surface of the part or coupling face. The most important element of the rod cam Ties is its head T-shaped. Her face always provided with slot - straight, Phillips, or universal, for screwing this detail in the sleeve or hole previously drilled in the details. The bottom surface of the head of the rod is always in contact with the working surface of the eccentric and sees the main work force in screed. On how dense is the contact, the reliability of its work in the furniture. is of great importance and design of couplings (threaded plugs) to secure the tie rods in the details of furniture. They can be used when screwing in a specially-drilled holes for them (metal sleeves) or placed in them by pressing or hammering (plastic sleeves) are embedded there by the friction of its outer ring of protrusions on the walls of the hole. The outer end of screwed metal sleeve is provided with slotted or hexagon, which include a screwdriver. When turning in a clutch, it is important to her butt was always exactly in the plane of the surface details. Otherwise, the position of head screwed in her tie rod may be too low or too high. As a result, it will not be captured by an eccentric or stroke tie is too small to provide sufficient force in the compound. It has of particular importance to ties with the diameter of the eccentric at least 15 mm. Eccentric ties made in the form of cylinders, which are not only different diameter, but different heights - for use in products made of slabs of different thicknesses (16, 19, 22 or 24 mm). their butt with one hand is supplied with Phillips for tightening the assembly of furniture. This slot is usually used and the socket into which the connection after assembly includes mounting ledge decorative plastic covers. Sometimes one end of the eccentrics, a diameter of 15 mm or less, may fitted with a flanged, limiting the depth of their installation in the hole. For such eccentrics plastic cap does not apply, because they close the gap between them and the hole in the furniture parts. To avoid a weakening efforts connections in the process of long-term maintenance of furniture, you want to prevent inadvertent reverse rotation of the eccentric under rocking action of the loads, vibrations or other efforts. Therefore, all manufacturers of such ties have developed their own original methods and design solutions for preventing reverse rotation of the eccentric. So, in addition to various kinds of performance of the contact surface of the rod and the eccentric, its outer surface may be provided with protrusions or oval flattened protrusions similar to the ratchet being introduced into the lateral surface of furniture parts.