Aesthetic standard

The authority of a natural tile, conquered over the centuries, does not waver even after people started using alternative forms of metal roofing, bitumen, polymers. But until now, their background, ceramic tile is an aesthetic standard, a symbol of prestige, wealth and prosperity. Not surprisingly, the more modern roofing systems have not received even own the original title and as an honorary title, have the name of their glorious predecessors: asphalt shingles, tile polymer-sand, metal ... True, there are in this series product, as close to its virtues to the original and in appearance, and the degree of closeness to nature, - tile cement and sand, or concrete. And it is no coincidence these two materials often incorporated the term "natural tiles. Content of the "natural product" refers to the fact that it is made from natural materials. This is equally true for the ceramic, and concrete tiles, manufactured using natural minerals. Therefore, the cement and sand, and clay tiles on the characteristics and environmental performance are almost identical. The chemical composition of clay - is a complex compound of silicon oxide (a natural quartz sand), aluminum oxide doped with iron oxide, which gives it a red hue, typical of ceramics. To enhance the decorative effect of the ceramic tile glaze (vitreous coating is applied and secured firing) or angobiruyut (coated with clay from the CEE-toobrazuyuschimi additives). Cement - a material obtained by fine grinding of limestone (calcium oxide), fired with clay at a temperature of 1000 "followed by the addition of gypsum (calcium sulfate). By mixing sand with cement and water as a result of crystallization formed concrete - artificial stone, which could be viewed as the natural. To give a concrete tile color pigments are used. production technology chain-element-sand tile was developed much later than mastered the secrets of pottery, but also has a very advanced age - she nearly two thousand years. Features of technology production of ceramic tiles, requiring the firing costly fuel and electricity, determine its higher price compared to the chain-element-sand. Today, in Western Europe producing ceramic and cement-sand tiles in roughly equal quantities, and this parity is further evidence that both products are equally meet the requirements of the discerning European customer, taking care of their health and wellbeing. is not by chance in the modern Ukrainian market of high-quality natural tiles - is mostly imported material: BRAAS group Lafarge Rooging Europe (Germany), JAMINA (Hungary) TONDAX (Czech Republic), RUPPCERAMIK, WIEKOR, ABC, MEINDEL, CREATON, ROBEN (Germany). Forms can be assumed that the tiling was born on a potter's wheel at a time when an obscure artist, carved cylindrical vessel without a bottom, cut it along and guessed resulting halves shifted relative to each other so that one has the groove and the other overlying a half diameter. Having laid in a row on a solid foundation of the roof a few grooves concave and covered with a contiguous border of two adjacent grooves shards from the same convex upward, the ancient craftsmen were pretty tight cover, impervious to moisture, wind and cold. Whatever it was, so-called grooved (aka Bin, "a monk and a nun," Munk-Nunn, Tatar) tiles on the oldest preserved buildings are literally all over the world, it is used in modernized form today, but concedes lead flat, undulating and grooves. bazzamkovaya flat ceramic tiles (Bobrovka, or "beaver tail") - the most versatile option. It is suitable for all types of roofs. Indispensable for covering curved surfaces and cones, on which other Shingles lay very problematic. The main methods of stacking - and the double crown (flake). laid flat tile with slopes between 16 ° and only with ligation of the joints. A simple form of products and wide range of colors can spread on top of any image type of a mosaic mural. Waved tile (volume, Dutch, Romanesque, Rome) - the most common form of the profile, time-tested and not subject to fashion trends. Particularly impressive on large areas because of the strict form of sequenced. Cherepichiny stacked columns, and only some models - in the dressing. Curved roofing elements, such as "Volove tat and conical towers, are performed using special wedges. Slot shingles (also known as the French, Marseilles) differs most opacity: for an effective drainage system in its molded longitudinal grooves and waves, and the contour of the upper and lower sides - the rain barriers in the form of rebate and drainage grooves. The process for producing ceramic tiles come in three types: stamped (grooving, Marseille, Dutch, S-shaped, Munk-Nunn, ridge and ridge enlargement), the plastic molding (band grooves, flat ribbon and tape S-shaped) and semi-extrusions - a flat roof tiles "beaver tail". DESIGN Any roof to provide comfortable conditions for the existence of the house should "breathe", that is to pass air. Natural tile, like no other roofing material, favors normal air and ventilation due to its construction and the relatively small size of the elements. formed by it on the roof of a reliable and durable stone armor consists of a set cherepichin. At the same time is flexible and tough, this roofing rug easily adapts to temperature and physical deformities. For example, during the shrinkage of a new building or a natural dilapidation of the old houses can vary the geometric dimensions of the roof, but she does not lose its integrity due to backlash existing between the individual parts. Intervals-joints in castles Mezhuyev cherepichinami provide the overall mobility of the roof shell and contribute to airing the design and release moisture, which condenses at the top. Natural tile is resistant to physical, chemical, biological, environmental influences. She calmly stands 1,000 laboratory cycles of freezing / thawing, which guarantees a century design life. Tile resists the damaging effects of ultraviolet rays and solar radiation, wind, and chemically active substances - for example, salty sea air and layers of bird droppings. It does not emit harmful to the human body of substances and odors, environmentally clean in the manufacture, use and disposal. The material is absolutely non-flammable, unlike containing bitumen, PVC and other polymers, and does not require device ground because it does not accumulate static electricity. Roofing Shingles technologically to install and requires no special care. Operation and maintenance is minimal. It is always possible to disassemble and assemble the new cottage. Some elements are corrupted during any emergency, it is easy to replace without dismantling the entire array. The high flexural strength allows the roof to take a significant static and dynamic loads - up to 250 kg (for example, both support the weight of snow and a man of cleaning the snow from the roof). Tile is often said that it is too heavy: at size of about 330x420 mm Weight cherepichiny approximately 4.5 kg, and the weight of 1 m 2 - about 45 kg, which is actually several times higher than that of metal (5 kg) or shingles (10 kg). However, this does not mean that just as the load on the rafters and they must be seriously strengthened. In calculating the strength of the rafters is taken into account not only its own weight of a multilayered structure, the lion's share of which, of course, falls on the weight of the roofing material, but snow load (from 50 to 200 kg / m2 depending on the area of ??construction). For example consider the credibility of the calculation load on the rafters using roofing iron. The value of the load on 1 m 2 is 160 kg, 6 kg of which account for iron, 60 kg - the weight of construction, 90 kg - for snow. Calculated load to the rafters when using tiles is 210 kg: 60 kg - tile, 60 kg - design, 90 kg - snow. The result is that the device of the roof of the kind of tile you need a general strengthening of the rafters of 15-20%. Practically, this means that only the standard reduction step trusses up to 70 cm, and hence the need to add the entire length of a slope just two or three stropiliny (depending on its width). bearing wall has the required margin of safety. For the foundations of a much more substantial load, which have on his wall with overlaps: for brick two-story house is about 90% compared with only 2.4% of the load from the roof. Moreover, the massiveness of natural tile is rather a positive factor: because of this it can withstand strong wind, rain extinguishes, smooths temperature extremes.