Drainage of the foundation

The purpose of installing the drainage system around the perimeter of the building - not to let water pass under the foundation of the house. Water is tempting and literally tears the ground, on which rests the structure, which often is the cause of the destruction of the base and walls of the house. Quite frequently a consequence of cyclic movement of soil under the foundation of the building is skewed and jammed doors and windows. In addition, under the house seeping moisture can cause mold and mildew in the construction of walls and ceilings, and such an environment - fertile ground for the emergence rot. System design to ensure the effective catchment area, sometimes quite soundly equip blind area. However, much more capital construction, designed for continuous operation at home arrangement includes an improved system of drainage and surface water. The basis of an effective drainage system - packed into a trench around the perimeter of the foundation of perforated pipes. Through the holes in their water seeping into the ground, penetrates inside the pipe, and then diverted into special containers. They facilitate the waterproofing of the foundation. Above the perforated have a whole (without holes) pipe designed for the waste surface water cascading off roofs or paved surfaces (patios, sidewalks, etc.) ask: "Why not equip a single collector for discharge of groundwater and surface water?". The answer is simple - it can lead to clogged highways, and as a result - a violation of the drainage, with all the unpleasant consequences. For most of the drainage collectors use pipe o75 mm. However, if you will be working on the slopes, where we assume a more powerful streams, highways should be made out of pipe O100 mm. Elements of the drainage systems are similar to those used for decorating sanitation and ventilation of any house, but used here for cheaper pipe and fittings range is much smaller. As for waste, and for the soil drainage is better to use plastic pipes and fittings with smooth walls. They are tough enough, and clean easier than crimped. However, where line crosses the road, along which the transport, use metal pipes that connect to the system with tight fitting sleeves. To collectors can be cleaned periodically, the system provides special hatches. They are satisfied on the straight sections every 9 ... 12 m in the major key points: the bends at the intersection of highways, and where surface water is discharged into the drain collector. Hatches to ensure that they did not get the garbage, seal plugs. Wastewater is generally discharged to the sewer or septic tank drainage ditch. On the drainage ditches can not talk - they know the vast majority of homeowners. Septic tank - as a simple element of the system. Often this is the usual welded box with metal grille, which is going to drain the water from several reservoirs. Make it deep enough to sand or earth, deposited on the bottom, do not impede the movement of water flow. This sediment must be periodically removed. Hiding the system into the ground how to make the drainage system for groundwater, it is better to think at the design stage of a new home as to arrange effective spillway in the initial stage of construction is much cheaper. Also equipped with draining advisable to start work on the beautification and landscaping of the site. For the construction of drainage systems will need simple tools - pick, shovel, pneumatic or elektroperforator. Good car, too, is useful. Before laying the pipe bottom and walls of the trench line the filter cloth woven from polyester fibers. Its main function - do not miss the ground in the gravel backfill, water catchment system to work effectively. Cutting fabric used on metal scissors or a sharp knife. Initially, the bottom of the trench to sleep a sandy base. However, if the bottom of the trench sufficiently smooth, we can do without additional bank filling. Pipes are laid with a slope of at least 10 mm / m. For shallow trenches on the relatively short distances (up to 12m) verification bias spend building level. On a more extended areas or in deep trenches using theodolite with landmarks. Pipe sawing hacksaw, and large sections are collected on the fittings with the press fit. As a rule, these compounds do not need glue, but if the gap is still there, the pipe ends to apply the adhesive, and then podmatyvayut seam tape. When all the pipes are laid in place, and the clean tubes removed above ground level, a trench to sleep to the level of -0.3 m washed gravel average and close to the filter cloth. On top of this design are placed non-perforated sewer which connects with drain pipe with fittings. Finishing work with collectors, rams upper layer of soil that covers them, and if the surface is expected flood of water spiked with coarse gravel on top. The system is ready for use. However, surface water can take a simpler way - through the ditch, lined with cast concrete trays or individual plates. What to do with water? The last stage of drainage work - to collect water. Often drainage combined with the sewage system. In this case, drainage collectors send the water to the storm sewer line across the open cell, although sometimes necessary, and private supply. If the storm sewer to drain the collected water is not available, there are several ways to ensure an even distribution of wastewater. This - the fields of irrigation, valves and manholes driers. If you have a site with suitable soil, to divert water back into the ground can be used in field irrigation. Tap-off perforated pipe in this case placed below ground level and the water will be distributed over a large area. Dispenser takes up less space than the field of irrigation, and covered with layers of natural soil, it almost merges with the landscape. On your device is a common pit, lined with filter fabric and backfilled with stones of a certain size. Large stones at the same time laid down, as they are better able to catch hold of the slope. Drain knee collector enters the top layer of gravel. If the slope is insufficient for a reliable removal of water, a solution of the problem may well become drier, which is usually placed at a distance of 4,5 ... 6 m from the house. As the latter can use the pipe o450 ... 600 mm, vertically mounted in a pit at 2,5 ... 3 m space between the pipe and the walls of the pit filled with gravel, medium size. Drain collector drainage system at the entrance to the well set, with a gradient of 13 mm / m, and that it did not touch a shovel, bury at least 25 ... 30 cm Well-dryer shut massive, tight fitting hatch. In extreme cases, the length of drainage can be used drain pumps. His set at the lowest point of the basement and he needs a reliable source of energy. However, in some cases - the only way to pump out water.