The choice of wood for construction

In Russia, has long been used for tree construction. It is perfect for areas with any climate. And today, this traditional material is often used in the construction of the beautiful and warm homes. Its special properties make it possible to achieve a high level of indoor comfort. Our ancestors were very careful attitude to the selection and preparation of wood for the framework. Lumber harvested usually in winter or early spring, until the wood is asleep, and excess water is left in the ground "in recent years on the market of country housing construction, many new materials and technologies. Nevertheless, the wooden houses remain the most popular among individual developers. In many ways, this popularity is due to the fact that in our country the forest is the cheapest building material. In addition, it is in the tree can be implemented architectural features and art images, dictated by national traditions of Russian architecture. Certainly of great importance of the natural origin, which determines the ecological purity of wooden buildings, good air permeability. Finally, the tree - an excellent thermal insulator. This allows the inside of the house chopped optimal ratio of temperature and humidity. In a wooden house is easy to breathe, it is nice and comfortable in any weather. Our ancestors were very careful attitude to the selection and preparation of wood for the framework. Selected only ripe, healthy wood, rotten wood and wormholes, about the same thickness, with a smooth surface. Lumber harvested usually in winter or early spring, until the wood is asleep, and excess water is left in the ground. " Timber exported from the forest and immediately purified from the bark. It is known that svezherublennaya wood in winter is 30% humidity. But suitable for the manufacture of log-dried wood (18-20 percent moisture). To obtain such a timber, it was kept under cover. The logs are stacked in piles on the pad to provide through-ventilation. Bark, sawdust and other waste and burned to protect harvested logs from beetle-drevoeda. Today, the forest harvest roughly the same way by all the rules of traditional wooden construction. For the production of chopped wood houses typically use materials conifers: pine, fir, larch, cedar and fir. Softwood lumber is superior to strength the most common hardwood and less susceptible to decay. Trunks of conifers are more correct form, which allows fuller use of their volume. Pine differs most stem straightness, the minimum number of knots and good technical properties. With a high resistance to decay nevertheless has a tendency to "blue" (high humidity, especially in July and August). Blue of the per se does not alter the physical and mechanical properties of wood, but spoils the appearance. Pine is the most common material for construction of wooden houses, as we have, and in Europe. Spruce rarely used in construction. In the dry fir wood strength almost as pine. Spruce is more susceptible to decay, but significantly less than the blue. It is worse than other tree species resistant to moisture, so it is preferable to use for interior decoration. Spruce has a slightly looser structure, but due to this somewhat warmer than the pine. Although its consumer properties somewhat less suitable for the manufacture of chopped walls due to lower density and lower tar content, however, spruce forest can be recommended for the manufacture of load-bearing floor elements (beams, slightly). On the world market spruce pine is listed above. For conifers spruce ephemeral - rarely grows more than 200 years. Larch is stronger, denser and more resistant to decay than pine, but difficult to handle and easily cracked. It is ideally suited as a wall material, is used as material for structures (beams, valley, rafters, torque, etc.). Larch is more resistant to moisture, highly valued, is 2-3 times more expensive than pine. Larch - a single tree, not rotting in the sea. Log is used for the manufacture of wood with a diameter of 26 cm to 40 cm, and sometimes higher. The choice of log diameter depends on the willingness and financial capability of the customer, the climatic conditions and seasonality of operating at home and on the requirements for the external aesthetics of log houses. In addition to the thickness of the timber, an important indicator of the aesthetic to the use of timber is its knotty. In pine at the bottom of the barrel almost no knots, so the most expensive, but better quality, is the so-called butt saw cut - the bottom 6-8 m of the barrel. In Russia, the most common is the round log profile, the so-called round wood, in addition, you can use the round timber with Protestants, that is protesannoe on one edge to the inside of the timber. However, keep in mind that this is a very time-consuming work, leading to higher prices for value framework. In Scandinavia, are widely used logs hewn on two edge. Walls are actually straight both outside and inside, but it does not lose the aesthetics manual cabin home. The first operation to prepare logs for log home construction - its bark and redoubt. Cleaning the logs of bark, usually performed without the use of mechanized tools. Redoubt, by contrast, is done with electric planers. Currently, new technologies of debarking logs without damaging the sapwood and without further redoubt. Sapwood - the upper, most dense layer of wood, which is protective. Preservation of this layer reduces the formation of cracks and other defects to avoid the wood. Most often, when a bark on the log are small areas of bast with minor injuries wood. After drying the inner bark darkens, and the beam becomes characteristic not planed logs spotted coloring. Some customers refuse redoubt logs for this characteristic of color and to avoid damage to the fibrous structure of the tree. However, remember that the bass is most subject to decay, so in most cases the log ostrugivayut. To protect the wood from rotting the entire surface of the logs processed by a thin layer of antiseptic. And the ends of logs, a cup, a groove, cuts, cutting grooves and places proteski soaked most carefully, as there are broken fibrous structure of wood. Using antiseptic logs can be given color shade customer's choice.