Determination of moisture and drying of wood

Determining Humidity of wood to determine the moisture content of wood, there are several ways. In the living conditions enjoyed by a special device-elektrovlagomerom. The action of the device is based on the change in electrical conductivity of wood depends on its moisture content. Needles elektrovlagomera with painted them electric wires injected into the tree and passes through the electric current, while at the scale of the instrument once celebrated moisture content of wood in the place where we introduced the needle. Many experienced carvers determine the moisture content of wood on the eye. Knowing the types of wood, its density and dr.fizicheskie Holy Island, it is possible to determine moisture content by weight, by the presence of cracks on the face or along the grain of the wood, warping and on other grounds. The color of the bark, its size and color of the wood can recognize ripe or green wood and the degree of humidity. When processing p / m planers thin his chip, flattened by hand, easily crushed - it means the material is wet. If the chip breaks and crumbles, and it indicates that the material is dry enough. When cross-cutting with sharp chisels and draw attention to the chip. If they crumble or vykroshivaetsya herself timber harvesting, which means that the material is too dry. Very wet wood is easily cut, and on-site cutting of the chisel is noticeable wet track. But get in the end quality thread is unlikely to be as cracking, warping and dr.deformatsy not be avoided. Wood drying Dry wood is very strong, less warp, is not subject to decay, easily glued, finished with a better, more durable. Any variety of wood species is very responsive to changes in ambient humidity. This property is one of the disadvantages of timber. High humidity timber easily absorbs water and swells, and in heated rooms, it dries out and warp. The room is sufficient moisture content to 10%, and the open air - no more than 18%. There are many ways of drying wood. The easiest and most affordable - the natural form of drying - an atmospheric, air. Drying the wood must be in the shade under the canopy and on the draft. When drying in the sun outer surface of the wood heats up quickly, and the interior remains moist. Because of the difference stress cracks, the tree quickly jarred. Boards, beams, etc. n / m stacked in piles of metal, wood or other holders with a minimum height of 50 cm boards are placed inside face up to reduce their warpage. It is believed that the drying of planks set on edge is faster, because they are better ventilated and moisture evaporates more rapidly, but they are more warp, especially materials with high humidity. Stack of n / m, and freshly harvested from living trees, the top recommended to seal a heavy load to reduce warping. When air drying on the ends are always cracks, to prevent their cracking and maintain n / m is recommended to paint the ends of boards thoroughly with oil paint or soaked with hot linseed oil or bitumen to protect the wood pores. Processing ends to soon cross the cut sawing. If the tree has high humidity, the end of a blowtorch flame dried, and then to paint over. Trunks (ridges) must okoryayut (purified from the bark), only the ends of the leaves are small belts, couplings width 20-25cm to prevent cracking. Cortex was purified to a tree dries quickly and is stricken by beetles. Trunk, left in the cortex, in relatively warm with high humidity quickly rots, fungal diseases is affected. After atmospheric drying in warm weather, moisture content 12-18%. There is also several other methods of drying wood. Method of evaporation or brew used in Russia since ancient times. Workpiece being cut to pieces with the size buduyuschego products, lay in an ordinary iron, spiked with sawdust from the same blank, fill with water and put on a few hours protoplennuyu and cool down a Russian stove "languishing" at t = 60-70C. Thus there is a "leachate" - the evaporation wood from harvesting natural juices come out, the tree is painted, getting a warm dark-chocolate color, with a pronounced pattern of natural textures. Such harvesting easier to handle, and after drying, less crack and warp. Method of waxing blanks are dipped in melted paraffin and put in the oven at t = 40C for several hours. Then the wood dries out a few more days and assumes the same properties as the park the following: not crack, warp, surface becomes tinted with a distinct texture pattern. Way to brew in linseed oil utensils made of wood, steamed in linseed oil, very waterproof and does not crack even in everyday use. This method is acceptable today. In the capacity of the workpiece is placed, filled with linseed oil and get steamed thoroughly on low heat.