Fillers and additives in paints and varnishes

To make the various properties of paint coatings, they introduced a variety of fillers and pigments. Pigments - it's fine colored organic or inorganic substances. Otherwise they are called dry paint. Pigments are needed to make the color material and improve opacity, light and weather. Organic pigments - are synthetic dyes that are added to the binders of paints and varnishes. They can produce bright, saturated colors. In the water-dispersed compositions frequently used inorganic pigments. Inorganic pigments can be natural (vegetable, mineral) or synthetic origin, are solids, they do not dissolve in water, solvents and film-forming components. Inorganic pigments in a finely dispersed solid form is added to paints, varnishes and other fillers are used to impart the desired coating properties. This solids not soluble in the binder and film-forming and non-coloring power. They are in the form of dispersions are added to the coating. Solvents and thinners - a necessary component of all paint materials. Solvents - a volatile organic liquid, which makes a film-forming liquid so that they become suitable for application by brush or roller to the surface. With the help of solvents is governed viscosity paints. Thinners, unlike solvents, do not possess solvent properties, but in combination with solvents, they are capable of a wide range to adjust the viscosity of the material. Good natural solvent and diluent is water, and sometimes, when the material allows it, use it for that purpose. After coating the volatile solvents and thinners evaporate, the coating thickens, and then dries up. Special additives are often used in modern paint materials: hardeners, accelerators, driers, - all these substances are optional additions, but they noticeably improve the quality of coatings and make them more comfortable. Driers - it's salt, soluble in organic solvents, they need to accelerate film formation and drying of the coating. Driers of different compositions are in different ways: by using a paint or varnish cobalt driers drying process begins with the formation of a film on the surface, and then film formation affects the lower layers closer to the border of the painted surface. Manganese and lead driers operate the opposite way: film formation begins with the innermost layer of the border with the painted surface, and further consolidation is distributed to the outer layers throughout the thickness of the coating. Should take into account that the amount of desiccant for a certain kind of paint should be strictly defined. So, for oil-based paints and varnishes adding desiccant first leads to faster drying, and after exceeding a certain optimal value of drying paint again slows down. Thus, the lack of introduction of desiccant, as it too many leads to a decrease in speed of drying paint. It is important to know that driers continue to have effect after the final drying and driers excess leads to a reduction in service life and its premature aging. Hardeners - a group of chemical additives, whose main objective - to achieve infusible and insoluble material. Hardener is added to some polymeric materials, as well as lacquers and paints based on these polymers. Hardeners are added to paints and varnishes immediately before applying to the surface. The use of any additional additives requires accuracy and care. Be sure to read the instructions before starting to work. Failure to comply with the rules of use, ignoring advice from the manufacturer, the wrong dosage of curing agents and driers can lead to deterioration of upholstery and even its irreparable damage, as well as to marriage, which may occur some time later and correct that would be very difficult.