Since ancient times, the favorite, and often the only building material in the vast territory of Russia is a tree - the most affordable and easy to process material. At first floor of dwellings was a split along the length of the logs, laid flat side up directly on the ground. But already in Kievan Rus were made of wide wooden floor boards laid along the premises on the crossbeams. And for the very significant public or princely houses wooden flooring was laid in several layers. The length of the boards could reach 2 - 2,5 meters and a thickness greater than 20 - 30 mm. Similar plank floors were made primarily of soft conifers. In the XVI century Russia expanded technology flooring from oak staves, stacked pattern, which to this day is called "herringbone". Staves are usually fastened base of soft wood, mostly pine. Reliable flooring was considered as a dense stacking wooden bars in the form of bricks, the joints between them filled with a mixture of lime and resin. The main way of surface treatment of wooden floors in antiquity was impregnated with melted lard, lye, or organic coloring composition and method of care - washing and scraping with the use of alkali and sand. And until the end of the XVI century, the only kind of decorating the floor in Russia remained the unit frieze along the walls around the perimeter of the room, which was used not only for decoration, how to hide seams and bindings boards. Until the mid-nineteenth century the process of production and laying of parquet floors anticipated handheld technology exclusively. With the technological machining wood began the era of mass industrial production of parquet. And if at the end of XIX century in Russia there were little more than a dozen factories producing parquet, the parquet floor in 1914 were produced for 85 companies. Factories were producing simple hardwood slats of different kinds of wood. The interiors of residential and public buildings began to dominate monochrome floors of various types of stacking, the most widespread installation requiring no additional cuts strips - "Deck" and "Christmas Tree". Nevertheless, the artistic parquet were still vivid way of expressing the basic idea of ??interior compositions. Classicism and Empire gradually gave way to retrospectivist, ekletikoy and imitation of different samples, as reflected in the design of the parquet stylized Gothic, Russian ornaments, in conjunction with the Greek samples. The advent of modernism was characterized by the displacement of the centers of symmetry parquet compositions (or even the creation of asymmetrical figures), the use of abstract ornamental figures, a variety of shapes and colors. However, hardwood composition of new styles have received much less common than the classic versions. Advantages of wood as a material for the floor is difficult to count - is always the risk of forgetting some important aspect. But we still try to cope with this task. Tree - the best heat insulator. Builders say the tree warms even when heating is turned off. In addition, insulation reduces heating costs. Wood - an environmentally friendly material. It is a natural building material that is presented to us by the bounty of the earth and is constantly being reborn in our forests. Tree - a barrier to radiation. The tree gives no harmful for the body radiation and it does not accumulate electrostatics. Tree - is infinity treatment options. Various kinds of wood, its density and curly gain represents the endless possibilities with decorative and technological points of view. Broadest possible compatibility of wood with other building materials make it truly universal. Parquet wood flooring material to serve as a solid larch wood: oak, ash, and softer: birch, pear, alder. Coniferous trees are used much less often, using them solely because of the color and texture. Wood not only determines the quality and color of flooring, but also its purpose, adaptability and affordability. Along with widespread tree species for the manufacture of flooring used, and quite rare colored wood species: merbau, kamshe, bamboo and many other varieties from all over the world. Important quality characteristics of wood - hygroscopicity, wood products absorb moisture from the ambient air in the room and give it the air with its lower moisture content. Parquet, made of wood, will "breathe" thus changing humidity environment. To prevent possible deformations of parquet flooring material must maintain a certain level of its own moisture (6-12%). Most types of wood can withstand this condition. Those varieties that do not support this claim (eg, beech), additionally subjected to water repellent treatment. Strength Parquet estimated density of the wood and its hardness. The highest density of trees of rare species: Kumer - 950 kg / m? Merbau - 815 kg / cubic meter, compared to the density of oak - 690 kg / cu.m. And the density of bamboo wood - 550 kg / m . It must be noted that modern technology wood processing wood can significantly increase the density of wood. For example, bamboo stalks after pressing a manifold increase in strength, and tube of soft and loose material becomes a parquet unit. No less significant feature parquet wood - stability, its ability to withstand changing conditions (microclimate) of the environment (temperature, light radiation, humidity) without changing the intrinsic properties. Wood, have shown good results in terms of hardness, it may be unstable in operation and vice versa. The combination of precisely these properties (stability and high strength) shows an oak parquet floor in its long history. The choice of parquet flooring in the first place, must proceed from the conditions under which it will be used. Will depend on the quality of sex and its service life. Color parquet wood is very diverse: from white to light texture to the black and red with lots of colors. There is not much consumer choice is limited. Types of parquet or parquet Classic is made in the form of separate, smaller in size plates (dies, plates) of various types of hardwood. Hardwood slats can have on the longitudinal edges of the ridges and grooves to increase the rigidity of the connection between them. Width parquet slats 30 to 90 mm, length from 150 to 500 mm, thickness of strips depends on the hardness of the wood species and ranges from 15 to 22 mm. Practicality, environmental friendliness, durability identified the widespread occurrence of parquet flooring from solid wood. The durability of the floor of the parquet can compete with only half of the stone. Color and texture of natural wood creates an indescribable feeling of warmth, range of colors put this cover out of competition among the outdoor decks. Parquet is a leader among the decorative flooring and the present. The durability of the flooring in its proper operation can not exceed 50 years factory warranty for quality flooring available for a period of not less than 30 years. Different parquet on several parameters: the color of wood used (light and dark tones of wood) on the structure or direction of the wood fibers ("groove" - ??fibers are directed along the floor plank, "tangential" - fibers are directed across the strip and "rustic" - location fibers is uncertain, drawing with divorce, there are knots with diameter up to 5 mm), strength (hardness) of wood products. "Radial" parquet is more expensive, the color of most uniform and easily selected by the texture. Cheap varieties parquet are not sorted by texture and color. These classes include parquet class "Rustic" (rustical). "Rustic" with knots less than 3 mm is called a "standard". The European classification of natural tilings is broader and includes additional shades of wood texture, and features the figure. Enhance quality features inlaid parquet wood by specific technologies. So, manufactured multilayer laminated parquet (Pronto parquet), the strength of which greatly exceeds the strength of the classic parquet. These products consist of several layers of diverse wood, hardened by compression of a complex and time-consuming technology. Additional surface treatment of parquet (grinding, multi-coating) in the factory can extend its operation into two or more times. However, the cost of production of such tilings is still very high, because of what they do not find yet widespread. The market is represented by many traditional parquet manufacturers, Russian and foreign. It should be noted that all quality domestic parquet floors are manufactured on imported equipment, a more sophisticated and tech. Typesetting (mosaic) mosaic parquet flooring is a shield (assembly) of several parketin rectangular or other shapes (puzzle), glued to the front of the dense protective paper. Reverse the underside of the dial-in shield is fastened to the ground floor. The overall picture lined the parquet floor is made up of drawings of individual type-setting boards. Different sizes of boards, and the selection of flooring is to calculate the required number of sheets of given size for the area of ??gender specific facilities. The selection of mosaic parquet is produced, as well, and the color and shades of wood on the assemblies to maintain the color of the general pattern of gender. Mosaic parquet flooring is performed, usually on the hard ground in mastic or adhesive. Requirements to the draft gender and modes of presentation does not differ from the installation of block parquet flooring or paneling. After drying mastic with mosaic parquet remove the protective paper, and exposed parquet finishing. Art parquet Art parquet is made to order, based on individual projects or designs, or choose from the options offered by the manufacturer. Shape and design of the parquet floor are different. In form it may be rectangular, circular, in the form of geometric figures, rosettes and elements framing the floor. By construction, the flooring is solid, carved out of a regular tree, composing of several identical elements or elements of different types of wood, glued together from two or more layers of wood. Possible construction of natural wood and wood imitations. There are generic design solutions (modules) of the Parquet Industry, on which the designer (the consumer) may collect art floors. Modules are patterned panels of repeating complex curved elements, manufactured on precision equipment, with special technologies (laser, cold face gluing, etc.). Laying decorative parquet requires special professional skills parquet (wood carver). Parquet Before making a decision about laying flooring, it is important to remember that tree - it is a living natural material which affect parameters such as temperature and humidity of the room, so we recommend to lay flooring only in those places where you can maintain it for the normal humid-temperature regime. If the room is too dry, then the flooring will lose moisture and shrivel and lose their shape and size that will eventually lead to the formation of gaps between the flooring. If the same room, on the contrary, too raw, the flooring will gather the moisture and increase in size, which may lead to lifting of parquet planks (the effect of "boat"). Necessary parameters for which flooring will best preserve the equilibrium moisture content 8-12%: Indoor air temperature 18 - 24 C, relative humidity in the room of 40-60%. During the heating season in winter, when the relative humidity decreases, because central heating dries the air, we recommend the use of humidifiers, which are beneficial not only to the floor, but also the health of all others. Before laying the parquet slats to sort by size, thickness, color and texture of wood, because there are always slight variations in some parameters, especially the cheap parquet. After sorting is a breakdown or a markup series of parquet flooring. Incorrect split will increase the amount of material. Before parquet flooring must be dried at room temperature, in which it fits (term exposure flooring in the room is at least 10-12 days). Humidity in the room, where the parquet must be between 45-60% and air temperature - 18-23 C. Parquet made a pre-aligned and prepared a rough floor. Sex can be wood (planks) or concrete with a cement leveling screed. On a wooden plank flooring layer of cardboard (glassine, roofing, or fiberboard). Such a gasket improves thermal and acoustic qualities of sex and prevents creaking under a load of the floor. Parquet flooring is made in accordance with the generated markup with careful rallying parketin and fastening each strip with three nails. Two nails hammered into the side of the groove, and one - in the face. For pile cap nails used special tamping. Parquet flooring on cement screed produced by hot or cold asphalt mastic or adhesive. Once the screed is dry, it must be treated (primed) with a solution of bitumen in gasoline solyarovom oil or kerosene. Primer creates a watertight film and improves the adhesion of bitumen mastic from the base, as well as, dedusting floor surface. As hot attaching of mastic used oil or road asphalt, heated to a temperature of 160-180 C. The cold mastic for parquet works are prepared independently by different recipes or buy ready. Option parquet with ties needed in the case when measuring the subfloor its roughness is 2 cm or more. If the subfloor unevenness of less than 2 cm, it is possible to use self-leveling compounds Sanding Parquet flooring sanded and re-varnish on average once every five years (frequency depends on the intensity of use). It is not necessary to wait until the varnish protretsya to timber, as the bare wood areas darker, starting to rot. Small defects can clean up the sandpaper, putty and varnish, however, repaired areas will be a different color from the old hardwood floor - it is better to update the lacquer coating completely. Remove old nail professional tape, and definitively treated with a surface angle (for the hard to reach places under the radiator in the corners) and flat grinders - do it by hand long and hard. In addition, there are grinders milling polish remover. The fundamental difference: the device is equipped with metal blades (cutters), which removes the top layer of lacquer tree. Therefore, after the surface treatment of Fraser still needs polishing. Besides the professional mill is quite expensive. Do you have a choice: to restore the flooring yourself or entrust the work of a master parquet. In either case, all the consumables (abrasive paper, plaster, paint) must be purchased separately. Skirting boards prior to sanding better off to sander could come up against a wall and remove the old varnish without a trace. Puttying parquet After sanding scratches and chipped close up special putty-colored wood and sanded floor renovated areas of sandpaper. Varnish is applied after the final drying putty (1-5 hours). Specialty fillers for wood (fillers) are made of water-based (acrylic) or on the basis of nitrorastvoriteley. Water-based fillers have virtually no odor, dries quickly, but inferior filler of the second type of strength. Putty is applied very thinly (no more than 1 mm).
Since ancient times, the favorite, and often the only building material in the vast territory of Russia is a tree - the most affordable and easy to process material. At first floor of dwellings was a split along the length of the logs, laid flat side up directly on the ground. But already in Kievan Rus were made of wide wooden floor boards laid along the premises on the crossbeams. And for the very significant public or princely houses wooden flooring was laid in several layers. The length of the boards could reach 2 - 2,5 meters and a thickness greater than 20 - 30 mm. Similar plank floors were made primarily of soft conifers. In the XVI century Russia expanded technology flooring from oak staves, stacked pattern, which to this day is called "herringbone". Staves are usually fastened base of soft wood, mostly pine. Reliable flooring was considered as a dense stacking wooden bars in the form of bricks, the joints between them filled with a mixture of lime and resin. The main way of surface treatment of wooden floors in antiquity was impregnated with melted lard, lye, or organic coloring composition and method of care - washing and scraping with the use of alkali and sand. And until the end of the XVI century, the only kind of decorating the floor in Russia remained the unit frieze along the walls around the perimeter of the room, which was used not only for decoration, how to hide seams and bindings boards. Until the mid-nineteenth century the process of production and laying of parquet floors anticipated handheld technology exclusively. With the technological machining wood began the era of mass industrial production of parquet. And if at the end of XIX century in Russia there were little more than a dozen factories producing parquet, the parquet floor in 1914 were produced for 85 companies. Factories were producing simple hardwood slats of different kinds of wood. The interiors of residential and public buildings began to dominate monochrome floors of various types of stacking, the most widespread installation requiring no additional cuts strips - "Deck" and "Christmas Tree". Nevertheless, the artistic parquet were still vivid way of expressing the basic idea of ??interior compositions. Classicism and Empire gradually gave way to retrospectivist, ekletikoy and imitation of different samples, as reflected in the design of the parquet stylized Gothic, Russian ornaments, in conjunction with the Greek samples. The advent of modernism was characterized by the displacement of the centers of symmetry parquet compositions (or even the creation of asymmetrical figures), the use of abstract ornamental figures, a variety of shapes and colors. However, hardwood composition of new styles have received much less common than the classic versions. Advantages of wood as a material for the floor is difficult to count - is always the risk of forgetting some important aspect. But we still try to cope with this task. Tree - the best heat insulator. Builders say the tree warms even when heating is turned off. In addition, insulation reduces heating costs. Wood - an environmentally friendly material. It is a natural building material that is presented to us by the bounty of the earth and is constantly being reborn in our forests. Tree - a barrier to radiation. The tree gives no harmful for the body radiation and it does not accumulate electrostatics. Tree - is infinity treatment options. Various kinds of wood, its density and curly gain represents the endless possibilities with decorative and technological points of view. Broadest possible compatibility of wood with other building materials make it truly universal. Parquet wood flooring material to serve as a solid larch wood: oak, ash, and softer: birch, pear, alder. Coniferous trees are used much less often, using them solely because of the color and texture. Wood not only determines the quality and color of flooring, but also its purpose, adaptability and affordability. Along with widespread tree species for the manufacture of flooring used, and quite rare colored wood species: merbau, kamshe, bamboo and many other varieties from all over the world. Important quality characteristics of wood - hygroscopicity, wood products absorb moisture from the ambient air in the room and give it the air with its lower moisture content. Parquet, made of wood, will "breathe" thus changing humidity environment. To prevent possible deformations of parquet flooring material must maintain a certain level of its own moisture (6-12%). Most types of wood can withstand this condition. Those varieties that do not support this claim (eg, beech), additionally subjected to water repellent treatment. Strength Parquet estimated density of the wood and its hardness. The highest density of trees of rare species: Kumer - 950 kg / m? Merbau - 815 kg / cubic meter, compared to the density of oak - 690 kg / cu.m. And the density of bamboo wood - 550 kg / m . It must be noted that modern technology wood processing wood can significantly increase the density of wood. For example, bamboo stalks after pressing a manifold increase in strength, and tube of soft and loose material becomes a parquet unit. No less significant feature parquet wood - stability, its ability to withstand changing conditions (microclimate) of the environment (temperature, light radiation, humidity) without changing the intrinsic properties. Wood, have shown good results in terms of hardness, it may be unstable in operation and vice versa. The combination of precisely these properties (stability and high strength) shows an oak parquet floor in its long history. The choice of parquet flooring in the first place, must proceed from the conditions under which it will be used. Will depend on the quality of sex and its service life. Color parquet wood is very diverse: from white to light texture to the black and red with lots of colors. There is not much consumer choice is limited. Types of parquet or parquet Classic is made in the form of separate, smaller in size plates (dies, plates) of various types of hardwood. Hardwood slats can have on the longitudinal edges of the ridges and grooves to increase the rigidity of the connection between them. Width parquet slats 30 to 90 mm, length from 150 to 500 mm, thickness of strips depends on the hardness of the wood species and ranges from 15 to 22 mm. Practicality, environmental friendliness, durability identified the widespread occurrence of parquet flooring from solid wood. The durability of the floor of the parquet can compete with only half of the stone. Color and texture of natural wood creates an indescribable feeling of warmth, range of colors put this cover out of competition among the outdoor decks. Parquet is a leader among the decorative flooring and the present. The durability of the flooring in its proper operation can not exceed 50 years factory warranty for quality flooring available for a period of not less than 30 years. Different parquet on several parameters: the color of wood used (light and dark tones of wood) on the structure or direction of the wood fibers ("groove" - ??fibers are directed along the floor plank, "tangential" - fibers are directed across the strip and "rustic" - location fibers is uncertain, drawing with divorce, there are knots with diameter up to 5 mm), strength (hardness) of wood products. "Radial" parquet is more expensive, the color of most uniform and easily selected by the texture. Cheap varieties parquet are not sorted by texture and color. These classes include parquet class "Rustic" (rustical). "Rustic" with knots less than 3 mm is called a "standard". The European classification of natural tilings is broader and includes additional shades of wood texture, and features the figure. Enhance quality features inlaid parquet wood by specific technologies. So, manufactured multilayer laminated parquet (Pronto parquet), the strength of which greatly exceeds the strength of the classic parquet. These products consist of several layers of diverse wood, hardened by compression of a complex and time-consuming technology. Additional surface treatment of parquet (grinding, multi-coating) in the factory can extend its operation into two or more times. However, the cost of production of such tilings is still very high, because of what they do not find yet widespread. The market is represented by many traditional parquet manufacturers, Russian and foreign. It should be noted that all quality domestic parquet floors are manufactured on imported equipment, a more sophisticated and tech. Typesetting (mosaic) mosaic parquet flooring is a shield (assembly) of several parketin rectangular or other shapes (puzzle), glued to the front of the dense protective paper. Reverse the underside of the dial-in shield is fastened to the ground floor. The overall picture lined the parquet floor is made up of drawings of individual type-setting boards. Different sizes of boards, and the selection of flooring is to calculate the required number of sheets of given size for the area of ??gender specific facilities. The selection of mosaic parquet is produced, as well, and the color and shades of wood on the assemblies to maintain the color of the general pattern of gender. Mosaic parquet flooring is performed, usually on the hard ground in mastic or adhesive. Requirements to the draft gender and modes of presentation does not differ from the installation of block parquet flooring or paneling. After drying mastic with mosaic parquet remove the protective paper, and exposed parquet finishing. Art parquet Art parquet is made to order, based on individual projects or designs, or choose from the options offered by the manufacturer. Shape and design of the parquet floor are different. In form it may be rectangular, circular, in the form of geometric figures, rosettes and elements framing the floor. By construction, the flooring is solid, carved out of a regular tree, composing of several identical elements or elements of different types of wood, glued together from two or more layers of wood. Possible construction of natural wood and wood imitations. There are generic design solutions (modules) of the Parquet Industry, on which the designer (the consumer) may collect art floors. Modules are patterned panels of repeating complex curved elements, manufactured on precision equipment, with special technologies (laser, cold face gluing, etc.). Laying decorative parquet requires special professional skills parquet (wood carver). Parquet Before making a decision about laying flooring, it is important to remember that tree - it is a living natural material which affect parameters such as temperature and humidity of the room, so we recommend to lay flooring only in those places where you can maintain it for the normal humid-temperature regime. If the room is too dry, then the flooring will lose moisture and shrivel and lose their shape and size that will eventually lead to the formation of gaps between the flooring. If the same room, on the contrary, too raw, the flooring will gather the moisture and increase in size, which may lead to lifting of parquet planks (the effect of "boat"). Necessary parameters for which flooring will best preserve the equilibrium moisture content 8-12%: Indoor air temperature 18 - 24 C, relative humidity in the room of 40-60%. During the heating season in winter, when the relative humidity decreases, because central heating dries the air, we recommend the use of humidifiers, which are beneficial not only to the floor, but also the health of all others. Before laying the parquet slats to sort by size, thickness, color and texture of wood, because there are always slight variations in some parameters, especially the cheap parquet. After sorting is a breakdown or a markup series of parquet flooring. Incorrect split will increase the amount of material. Before parquet flooring must be dried at room temperature, in which it fits (term exposure flooring in the room is at least 10-12 days). Humidity in the room, where the parquet must be between 45-60% and air temperature - 18-23 C. Parquet made a pre-aligned and prepared a rough floor. Sex can be wood (planks) or concrete with a cement leveling screed. On a wooden plank flooring layer of cardboard (glassine, roofing, or fiberboard). Such a gasket improves thermal and acoustic qualities of sex and prevents creaking under a load of the floor. Parquet flooring is made in accordance with the generated markup with careful rallying parketin and fastening each strip with three nails. Two nails hammered into the side of the groove, and one - in the face. For pile cap nails used special tamping. Parquet flooring on cement screed produced by hot or cold asphalt mastic or adhesive. Once the screed is dry, it must be treated (primed) with a solution of bitumen in gasoline solyarovom oil or kerosene. Primer creates a watertight film and improves the adhesion of bitumen mastic from the base, as well as, dedusting floor surface. As hot attaching of mastic used oil or road asphalt, heated to a temperature of 160-180 C. The cold mastic for parquet works are prepared independently by different recipes or buy ready. Option parquet with ties needed in the case when measuring the subfloor its roughness is 2 cm or more. If the subfloor unevenness of less than 2 cm, it is possible to use self-leveling compounds Sanding Parquet flooring sanded and re-varnish on average once every five years (frequency depends on the intensity of use). It is not necessary to wait until the varnish protretsya to timber, as the bare wood areas darker, starting to rot. Small defects can clean up the sandpaper, putty and varnish, however, repaired areas will be a different color from the old hardwood floor - it is better to update the lacquer coating completely. Remove old nail professional tape, and definitively treated with a surface angle (for the hard to reach places under the radiator in the corners) and flat grinders - do it by hand long and hard. In addition, there are grinders milling polish remover. The fundamental difference: the device is equipped with metal blades (cutters), which removes the top layer of lacquer tree. Therefore, after the surface treatment of Fraser still needs polishing. Besides the professional mill is quite expensive. Do you have a choice: to restore the flooring yourself or entrust the work of a master parquet. In either case, all the consumables (abrasive paper, plaster, paint) must be purchased separately. Skirting boards prior to sanding better off to sander could come up against a wall and remove the old varnish without a trace. Puttying parquet After sanding scratches and chipped close up special putty-colored wood and sanded floor renovated areas of sandpaper. Varnish is applied after the final drying putty (1-5 hours). Specialty fillers for wood (fillers) are made of water-based (acrylic) or on the basis of nitrorastvoriteley. Water-based fillers have virtually no odor, dries quickly, but inferior filler of the second type of strength. Putty is applied very thinly (no more than 1 mm). If necessary, apply another one, but only after the complete drying pervogo.Shpatlevki and water-based paints are not recommended for certain hardwoods (oak, chestnut, cedar, etc.) as well as the varnish can tread a bluish- whitish spots. Alternative Filler - special wax for hardwood floor restoration: do not shrink, translucent. In addition, waxes can not be combined with polyurethane varnish, or lacquer coating exfoliates. Parquet parquet lacquers cover special high durability, water-based (acrylic) or solvent-based synthetic (polyurethane, alkyd). Typically, water paints dry fast, have no smell, do not change the color of the wood and diluted with plain water Species of parquet lacquers According to experts, in recent years on the market have been widely used parquet lacquers based on aqueous dispersions of acrylic polymers and akriluretanovyh. These paints do not contain organic solvents and at the same time in their properties not only yield borne paints, but they also beat many of them wear resistance of coatings and detergents. No odor and organic solvents allows the use of aqueous varnishes in hospitals, care centers and other gathering places. Given the specificity of aquatic materials, varnishing floors with the existing coverage should focus on preparing the surface. In this case the floor should be thoroughly cleaned of dirt, grease and wax and polished until a matte finish. Dust from sanding to remove the vacuum cleaner and wipe the floor with a damp lint-free cloth. If the old paint are worn, the floor sanded to bare wood, and then all the operations carried out by analogy with work on finishing a new hardwood floor. Due to the fact that the application of aqueous coatings on wood can be accompanied by a show of lint, it is advisable after sanding wood lightly moisten it, and after drying, re-sanded. On the prepared surface so parquet floors cause waterborne primer. Primer compared with a varnish has a higher dry residue and the viscosity, so that when applied to the floor it is well-filled cracks in the parquet and glues the pile. The primer is poured on the floor and broad steel spatula spread evenly across the surface. This should be done quickly to coat evenly absorbed into the wood. Coat of primer dries very quickly (30-60 minutes), which accelerates the whole process of painting. In addition, a new generation of primers on the basis of akriluretanovoy prevent darkening of the oak flooring, while water-soluble paints (especially the "old" variety) when interacting with catechu gives the floor a darker shade of nasty. After the first layer of primer is sanded fine sandpaper and then applied to a metal spatula for 1-2 layers with an interval of 20-40 min. After drying the final coat of primer, you are ready to spray lacquer. Before applying the varnish is thoroughly mixed (especially if it contains a matting additive) and give the stand about 10 minutes to remove air bubbles. If necessary, paint can be thinned with water, but no more than 5%. Varnish applied to a wide brush with a thick soft hair or paint rollers in the direction of wood grain or light from windows, do not hit hard on the tool. Cushion before use should be rinsed with water to remove dust and lint. When applying the varnish to avoid visible joints and curves. Varnish dries in 2 hours, however, expose the varnished floor load is recommended after 3-5 days of exposure at +15-25 C. Complete drying varnish occurs in 1-2 weeks. Low temperatures and high humidity retard drying and lengthen the time of exposure. To obtain high-quality coatings coating is carried out in 2-3 layers. Borne coatings include traditional lacquer finishing parquet and wooden floors can be identified: alkyd, alkyd-urethane, epoxy, alkyd-urea coatings. Alkyd paints are cheap, easily repaired, their constituent solvents are not very toxic. However, alkyd paints dry long enough (about 48 h), coatings based on them are not very high wear resistance. An alternative to alkyd paints are alkyd-urethane varnish (uralkidy), are solutions of alkyd resins with urethane groups in organic solvents. Uralkidnye alkyd paints dry faster (time of exposure to recoat varnish is 6-12 h) and have a significantly higher wear resistance. Lucky acid hardening of the varnish curing acid (also called katalitnymi) comprises a mixture of alkyd and aminoformaldegidnoy resins, solvents and various additives to improve flowability. Lucky acid catalysed dvuhupakovochnye: The second pack - an acid curing agent (a solution of strong organic or inorganic acid in an organic solvent). Work staff - a mixture of lacquer and hardener (usually the ratio is 10 / 1) - prepared just before application. Mixture should be mixed thoroughly and leave for 15-20 minutes to remove air bubbles. Ideal conditions for varnishing: humidity - not above 50% moisture content - not more than 10%, air temperature - above 18 C. When you work the new polished surface should be treated with nitrocellulose lacquer 2 times with intermediate grinding, and then apply 2-3 coats of lacquer with a brush, a wide metal spatula or felt. Drying time is 1-2 hours, curing of a multilayer coating takes 1-2 days, during which not recommended to stay indoors, as it was at this time there is a maximum evaporation of solvents and formaldehyde emission from the coating. Curing is accelerated with a good air exchange in the room. Full cure occurs in about two weeks, when the coating gets maximum durability. Lacquered parquet lacquer is applied in at least three layers. The more layers, the stronger finish. After drying each layer (except the final) for better grip subsequent hand sanded irregularities. At first brush are all difficult places, near walls, corners, and then the lacquer is applied to the surface velor roller, preferably along the wood fibers. It should be borne in mind that when stained parquet lacquers acid catalysed required to ensure good ventilation of indoor air, as well as the ability to apply protective breathing.
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