It should be noted immediately that the laying of flooring - a responsible and accurate. However, the result if all the technological principles have been met, surpassing all expectations. In this article we will try to give answer to the question - what is the laying of parquet. In addition, we consider the nuances of gender training, working with glue, sanding hardwood floor, and also features the application of decorative and protective coatings and care for flooring. Terms of parquet "pie" neatly arranged varnished hardwood slats - only visible result obtained by careful preliminary work: preparation of slabs, waterproofing, pouring cement screed, priming and laying water-resistant plywood, priming by glue, laying parquet planks, fillers, sanding and priming lacquer coating. In some cases, you can do without some of the components of this process, but sometimes you have to include additional steps. However, all in order. Reason Firstly, it is necessary to evaluate the base for stacking. It should be: Exactly - drops no more than 2 mm on the basis of 2 m (this norm is registered in SNIP 3.04.01-87 "Isolation and finishes). To measure this parameter using special devices (because of considerable value to the acquisition of mostly can only afford the specialized organizations and quite wealthy people), but you can do, and inexpensive water level. Dry - relative humidity should be a maximum of 5%. Ignoring this requirement leads to disastrous consequences - sometimes even have to completely shift the entire flooring. Indicative of humidity sets standard VSN 9-94 - "Instructions for construction of floors in residential and public buildings." Net - as the remains of the old coverage (especially on the bitumen), even the best quality glue will not hold. Poor mount parquet and the oily or dusty surface (in connection with this facility must be a good vacuum cleaner). The only exceptions are the remnants of old paint - they are, in general, not terrible for most modern parquet adhesives. Screed Naturally, this is not the only way to eliminate the uneven base, but to date the most common. Screed, incidentally, may not be necessary at all. For example, if the base is only slightly "hilly", is best treated floor surface grinding machine with an abrasive wheel. Small bumps (1-2 cm) smooth the leveling masses. And only when necessary to work with the base, with a large drop inches, for example, 7-8, in the course are special mixes for floors or low-cost cement and sand. Note: before pouring the screed waterproofing joints and floor openings through which water can seep. Neglect this step is not necessary - repairs would cost more than the neighbors below. It is quite appropriate and sufficient democratic material in this case - gidrostekloizol. Suit and roll materials, such as thick (about 200 microns) plastic film. Its conclusions for the edge area, which lies parquet floor, tightening the walls. Then establish a special tape showing the level. According to him much more comfortable flatten the mixture. But first, consider withstand the weight of the floors of the new sex. At 8.7 centimeter thick screed with yourself flooring - this is not the kilograms and tons. Facilitate such screed sometimes vitally important issue. Solve it with a layer of expanded clay, which is certainly not the best option (as in the case of leaking material to actively absorb water very slowly, it gives), but due to the cheapness is very attractive. Extruded polystyrene - dense and light material, besides having an excellent sound and heat insulation. It is preferable from every point of view, but has one limitation - on top of him to lay still for at least 3 cm of the solution. Laying of sleepers There is a method of laying wooden base - it lags with the outer layer of a finishing of plywood. He has several distinct advantages: "rough" sex is less sensitive to water (because of parquet reserve space, which can leave the water in the same place the heat and noise insulation pads, pipe communications), and the load on the lower floors. With this method, the floor spread lags, align their level, then covered with a thick waterproof plywood. The method is not too time-consuming, especially if the right to use regulated lag, the range which the market is quite wide. A key component of plywood parquet "pie" - plywood, which connects two dissimilar materials - concrete and parquet floor insulation increases to compensate for shrinkage processes in the building, thereby significantly extending the life of flooring. Therefore, it imposed a relatively high demand. Plywood, above all, must be waterproof, and its thickness attain to the level of at least 3 / 4 thick hardwood planks (the old masters recommend to take the plywood with a minimum thickness of 12 mm and even more). Standard sheets of plywood, such as, for example 1.525 x1, 525 m, usually cut into four or more parts (to within a parquet design is not the stresses, but she was securely glued plywood) or placed with offset joints in parquet glue or mastic. Between sheets of compensatory leave gaps in the 3-4 mm. Stacked plates fixed with screws with a plastic dowel (minimum - 10 per square meter). At the end of the process of laying plywood - quality control for the evenness and the presence of bias. If it finds any irregularity, it is easy to clean using a grinding machine, which is installed tape with large grains of abrasive. After grinding it would be nice primed plywood. A final stage is characterized by a thorough cleaning job from dust and debris. Clay Clay largely determines the duration of the operation of the parquet. There are three main groups: adhesives solvents, water dispersion and two-component polyurethane (jet). The first group is suitable for all types of wood, but at the same time characterized by the lowest strength of the adhesive joint. The second group of adhesives is stronger, cheaper and more environmentally friendly. Many of the preference for the reason that when dry dispersion compositions are allocated only a couple of water (not solvent). But there are some nuances: you should pay attention to the percentage - 23-25 ??percent, and in the case of two-component aqueous dispersion adhesive - 11-12 percent. At the same time, the adhesives of this type have certain restrictions on the Effects of timber. In particular, they are not recommended for use in some exotic wood. The latter group - a two-component (reactive) adhesive. Grasped by 100 percent for about a day. They generally have no effect on the tree, and thus - do not cause any strain, but have a limited usage time (maximum 1 hour). And there are such adhesives twice as expensive as the previous ones. Two component adhesives are used for gluing a thin lacquered parquet flooring large format rare species of wood, as well as massive lacquered boards. Recall that when dealing with any glue should be added to fix each floor plank to the plywood (as experts say, shoot - special hammer nails slightly obliquely to the comb plates at 1-3 apiece), and after withstanding bonding technology pause. Sanding parquet Performing this operation in two stages: first by rough sanding, then finishing - surface grinding or tape technology. To adjust the angles of wall space and processing zones for convenience is better to use angle grinders. The value of the abrasive grains used in the process of grinding, in each case is different. It depends on the condition of the floor. It is believed that it is expedient to start with the abrasive belt with a grain of 40-60. It is not recommended to step over more than one value of grain, since otherwise remove traces of previous treatment will be impossible. Typically, the process of grinding each number of the abrasive is carried out in two mutually perpendicular directions at an angle of 45 degrees to the fiber of the tree. In some cases, need one more pass - through the light. Complete the procedure usually abrasive grain size 100-120. Before the final grinding perform Filling (make sure to remove any excess putty from the front surface of the strips). If we do not observe the sequence, then a layer of varnish may remain uncomfortable light stains. Application of decorative and protective coating user can choose to your taste one of the three types of coatings. In this article, they are located on the lowering of the degree of protection and to increase environmental performance. Lucky. As with adhesives, they are divided into three groups: water-dispersion, two-component reactive solvents and varnishes (alkyd, alkyd-urethane, urethane, acrylic-urethane). Distinguish between matte and semi-matt, semi-gloss and gloss formulations. Gloss - the taste of the customer. Butter (or oil-wax mixture). Impregnating formulations penetrate deep into the wood a few millimeters, increasing its durability and significantly reducing the hygroscopicity. But remember, if the choice fell on oil, will have to use them all the time. Waxy coating. Undoubted leader in this trio - varnishes. And the acrylic-urethane compounds are in high demand as a result suitable for many price / quality ratio. Technology varnishing require careful preparation. First, note the temperature and humidity conditions: optimal conditions - temperature of 18-22 degrees Celsius and relative humidity of 40 to 70 percent. Secondly, one of the most important conditions for painting - no dust in the air (would need to close windows and turn off ventilation). The third component of success - a tool: the most convenient is the metering roller, which is removed before work precariously holding on to the pile. The number of layers of lacquer on the floor depends on the particular composition. It is usually assumed that the flooring was covered well, when on 1 square meter takes 350 grams of varnish, and it can be thick and 2-3, and 7 thin layers. Do not forget about the intermediate sanding between coats (for a better "stick" paint and removal will inevitably arise in the course of work, microdefects - bubbles, rolls, etc.) - it often perform surface grinding machine. Caring for flooring Do not wash the floor with plenty of water to active detergents, as well as hard to rub his rough sponge. Current cleaning the floor should be damp, well wrung cloth or vacuum cleaner (not detergent). The feet move furniture must be secured soft taps. It would have been found in the apartment humidifiers - parquet will not crack. Some companies make money to care for hardwood floors. Depending on the type of decorative and protective it may be a special Polish, wax mastics and liquid oils. Proper application of these tools significantly extend the life of the floor. Professional advice are most convenient hardwood planks, having connections "groove-ridge" on all sides. Just laid parquet fixed wedges installed vraspor between the wall and the edge of the floor. Slits between the bars after the initial sanding putty close up from a shallow wood dust and a special composition, which must match that used a varnish or oil. After drying varnish formed wall space can be filled with sealant containing no silicone. However, this cost is not very cheap, so for this purpose often use assembly foam. Most dangerous for lacquered parquet female pins (female weighing 56 kg in the shoes heels crushing to the ground 20 times stronger than an adult elephant). Application of soil on the stowage and polishing plywood veneer process parquet Parquet using an installation profile Parquet in problem areas coarse, medium and fine sanding parquet Apply primer putty flooring formulations based on wood dust, the final result
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