Currently, long-wave infrared heaters are one of the latest achievements of science and technology in the field of heating systems directed action. These devices direct electrical heating to date have proven to be the most versatile and economical. They can be used almost everywhere, not only as a stationary main heating system, as well as for local or supplementary heating for any purpose, both household and industrial. In this case, is often achieved substantial savings not only by reducing electricity consumption, but also ease of installation of infrared heaters. In this respect they compare favorably with those of the complex and expensive central heating systems, working on traditional principles. Infrared heaters have appeared on the international market of heating systems and are widely used with the 80-ies. It should be noted that in Russia, an infrared heater in the consumer market relatively recent, but the law enjoys wide popularity. To date, its products on the Russian market heating represent both foreign and domestic manufacturers, and it should be noted that home appliances are not only not inferior to foreign analogs, but often surpass them by adapting to the Russian conditions of operation. The principle of infrared heaters is based on the absorption of thermal radiation from other bodies. In the absorption of thermal infrared any body heats up and begins to give heat to the environment. The most famous analogue infra-red heater is the sun - a powerful source of light and heat. That's why infrared heater can be considered a natural source of heat. Infrared spectrum of wavelengths in the range of 10-3 - 10-6 m, and shortwave component of the IR radiation is formed at temperatures above 750 ° C. For residential buildings with a ceiling height 2,5-3,5 m permissible temperature of the radiating surface of 100-120 ° C. This is the most gentle and safe radiation. For outdoor areas, balconies with a height of more than 3,5 m may be used in the temperature of the radiating surface to 950 ° C. Thus, used for heating the thermal spectrum of frequencies is harmless to humans, was confirmed by tests by independent researchers and manufacturers. Certificates of conformity issued by Russian agencies and the relevant European certificates confirm the safety of these devices. Manufacturers have produced equipment primarily ceiling mount, for virtually any class of premises: residential, industrial, agricultural and even explosive. Several companies produce floor and wall radiant heaters, and some of them offer infrared equipment that runs on gas. As noted above, compared with convection heating, which heats the air and from the hot items, with the long-wavelength infrared heating primarily hot items, and then heat is transferred from the objects of the air. Studies have shown that for convection heating warm air naturally appears at the top and cold at the bottom. This is especially important for the cottage and cottage construction, as well as the first and basement floors of urban high-rise buildings. The difference in temperature between floor and ceiling reaches 6-7 ° C. With infrared heating temperature at the surface of the floor is higher than the ceiling. Under these conditions, comfortable temperature at a height of 1,5 m can be lowered by 2-3 ° C without prejudice to the rights, as the floor temperature will be 18-19 ° C. Therefore, by substantially reducing the cost of heating the ceiling of the infrared heating system for premises at 20-25% more economical than convection. Some power savings can provide a local or zonal heating. Especially effective is the heating for rooms with high ceilings (warehouses, hangars, gymnasiums, swimming pools). Infrared heaters ceiling mount on a design and functional purpose can be divided: on the low (for residential and office premises), and high (for rooms with ceilings higher than 3.5 m). The former energy-carrying element is a distributed heater that is mounted in a metal box. Radiating surface is treated with special materials to provide, on the one hand, the maximum heat absorption, and the other - the material, which should guarantee the highest emission of radiant heat. More advanced devices coefficient of thermal emission reaches 0.9. The outer surface is bumpy, which increases the radiating surface at 2-3. High-temperature long-wave heaters consist of a rectangular metal housing, which provides one or more heating elements that transfer heat anodized aluminum profile, which is the radiating surface. Some firms to improve the emission characteristics of the outer surface is covered with a special ceramic, which allows you to lower the temperature of the fuel surface and increase the rate of emission of heat flow. All the heaters between the body and the heating unit is placed Fire resistant thermal insulator. Features and the principle of heating infrared heaters determine the specificity of its use. Since the heat in the first place objects and the floor, preferably to understand the difference in heating by means of "hot sex" and heat rays. Typically, when installing the "warm floor" laid capacity of 100-120 W/m2. With infrared heating, taking into account the walls, on the surface of the floor stands 20-30 W/m2. Therefore, achieve a significant warming of sex is impossible. However, this is offset by some savings in installation and operation, as only heated surface of the floor, carpet, etc. The very floor to ceiling would be a layer of insulation. In children's rooms and bedrooms, it is desirable to bed, objects, toys have been warmer than the surrounding air. If you have a flat glazed loggia or balcony, the ideal solution would be exactly the infrared heaters because they eliminate the icing and fogging glasses. Very convenient infrared heaters in low-rise suburban homes, if people come back periodically and wet cleaning is not done on a daily basis. With this method of heating no convection currents, the dust particles do not rise and does not commit the cycle of the residential premises after turning the heating on full blast. Since the cost of infrared heaters, convectors slightly higher, it is desirable to install them in rooms that require high thermal comfort, heated floor. Especially effective is this method of heating for the "winter garden" - it creates a natural microclimate for plants and saves energy. An important property of thermal radiation is the ability to deal effectively with the dampness of walls, with mold and moisture. They are also suitable for heating the glass surfaces, that is protecting the windows of ice and snow. Devices targeted at residential premises are safe for people and work silently, background electromagnetic fields below the household appliance, there is no combustion, no oxygen is burned, preserves the natural humidity of the room, does not create drafts, odors are not allocated. Since there is no convection currents, the dust is not circulated through the room, that is, be warned asthmatic and allergic relapses. Heat is felt immediately after the surrounding objects are of the warm surface. Depending on your needs, you can create zones of increased comfort. With proper installation excluded shock and fire. Equipment does not occupy the living space, increasing the effective area of ??work, there are no problems with cleaning. Mobile equipment - easy to install and dismantle, combined with any interior design and interior design. Infrared systems do not affect the operation of ventilation systems, can effectively heat the buildings with poor insulation, with a high ceiling. Systems are used in open areas and outdoor cafes. The transition to electric heating eliminates the complicated and expensive heating mains, are excluded from leaking, freezing, disappearing problem of air pockets, do not require periodic maintenance and repair work. In this no heating pipes, boilers, and space for them, fuel depots, coolants. Following the crash, power outage your system will run automatically. Control system and programming allows you to adjust the temperature in a wide range (5-30 ° C). The service life of equipment - more than 25 years. Summarizing, we note that - IR heaters are truly cost-effective and versatile heating appliances, has been successfully used in residential buildings and in industry, and infrared heating - a new and modern approach to systems of heating.
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