The walls of the timber

Wall logs are made of logs by the longitudinal cutting, the cross section bar for the exterior walls are chosen depending on the ambient temperature: 15x15 cm used in design temperature down to -30 ° C, 18x18 cm - at temperatures down to -40 ° C. Bars fasten round wooden pins with a diameter up to 3 cm, inserted in a pre-drilled holes, which have one under the other, to provide a connection Nagel several rows of bars (not less than three). In the corners of the boards unite "in oblo" or "paw". In contrast to the log, bruschatye Wall collect directly to the finished basement: the outer crown is placed on the waterproofing layer with an outer overhang over the cap, the corners of the first crown in poldereva join the rest - or at the root thorns, or on the dowel. In bruschatyh walls, unlike the log, the horizontal seams are flat, and so moisture can penetrate into the room. To reduce the permeability of joints, each timber on the outside of the top edge bevel width of 3.2 cm, and ourselves thoroughly caulk exterior joints and covered with varnish or oil paint. Gusset in the dressing with the native spike (Fig. 54-1) is satisfied with dowel diameter of 3 cm, cutting angle poldereva (Fig. 54-2) operates with Nagel and plug clamps. To reduce ventilation by between bars along their length are stuffed triangle strips, which are made of sticks, cuts them at a diagonal, or arrange the grooves and tongues (Fig. 54-4). In bars, covering rail, choose a triangular groove of such size that it could cover the rails after the installation of insulation material on them. Fig. 54. The walls of the timber: 1 - cutting the corner with the root vperevyazku spine, 2 - cutting the corner in poldereva by Nagel and push-key, 3 - to connect the walls of bars on the Nagel; 4 - the same from planed timbers with insert strips, 5 - conjugate angles on dowel, 6 - pairing the inside wall on the outside on the dowel, 7 - coupling the inner wall on the outside of the dressing 8 - the same dovetail 9 - the same poluskovorodnem; 10 - bearing ends of beams on the inner walls of docking in the middle of the wall thickness, 11 - However, with the bypass ends well - facet width 2 cm, b - native tongue, in the - pins, d - dowel When pairing a log house on the corner dowel bars in selected slots and insert dowels, which should be tightly fill the slot. More complex interface of internal and external walls in the key (Figure 54-6). Bearing ends of beams on the exterior walls perform poluskovorodnem (Fig. 54-9), while the interior walls - resting the ends of beams to the interface in the middle of the wall thickness or the bypass ends (Figs. 54-10,11). Stability bruschatyh walls are also provided with steel anchors that connect the base and crown rail first intersection with internal septa. When the walls of the great lengths impose additional vertical bars, bolts. For window openings with their end faces suit ridges, which are then put on the details of window box: timber, forming a window or doorway, after an appropriate markup saw through the outer and inner sides and then build a log house cleave excess wood. The most effective protection bruschatyh walls from weathering is covering them with boards or veneer brick. Between the wall and sheathing leave ventilation gap width of 6.4 cm if there is a need for insulation of walls, this gap is filled with mineral wool. Brick veneer is also satisfied with the gap in the 5-7 cm top and bottom facing left produhi ventilation wooden frame. Brick veneer produced in a half-brick and timber attached to a metal klyammerami, hosted by 30-40 cm in height and 1-1,5 m along the front wall in a checkerboard pattern (klyammer - bent double strip of galvanized steel, 5 cm wide and 20 cm ; klyammera one end attached to the beam, the other is laid in brickwork). Sheathing and siding bruschatyh walls carried out after their complete precipitation (1-1,5 years). Protect wooden structures from destruction device roofs, eaves, drains and antiseptirovaniem timber (an aqueous solution of sodium fluoride, sodium fluorosilicate, zinc chloride, coal tar creosote oil, tree resin, etc.). After cutting houses are made special sediment pads. Fig. 55 illustrates the construction of sediment pads under stand verandas or porches that have a common harness with log cabins. The lower spike rack length 0,2 m is inserted into the through-slot in the bottom trim on spike strip put on 4.3 a total height of 0.15 m. The strips are cut at settling the framework. Log walls inside the ceiling is not adjusted. Fig. 55. Sedimentary strip: 1 - the location of gaskets in house design, 2 - sedimentary gaskets and studs node (a - cutting osalochnyh proklalok in the board, b - Ready proklalka in - studs site) 3 - cutting out gaskets chisel at upsetting the walls.